arXiv 1905.062392019-05-15hep-exhep-ph

在LHC上对标准模型之外的物理学进行了研究

Searches for physics beyond the standard model at the LHC

Jory Sonneveld

备注：: 7 pages, 20 figures. Contribution to the proceedings of the first African Conference on Fundamental Physics and Applications 2018, Namibia. Publication can be found at http://aphysrev.ictp.it/index.php/aphysrev/article/view/1608/584
发表信息：: The African Review of Physics (2018) 13: 0017

摘要：

在欧洲核子研究组织（CERN）的大型强子对撞机（LHC）中，质子和重离子被加速到接近光速的速度并发生碰撞，以研究粒子相互作用，并让我们了解自然的基本规律。LHC粒子束的能量和强度是前所未有的，并且在LHC的圆环上专门进行质子-质子碰撞的三个实验收集了大量数据。这些数据非常精确地证实了迄今为止最成功的粒子物理学理论，即粒子物理学的标准模型，包括人们期待已久、最近发现的希格斯玻色子。然而，标准模型不能容纳实验观察到的现象，如引力、中微子质量和暗物质。理论上也可能因为无法解释的参数而不令人满意，例如希格斯粒子的质量相对较低，尽管它有很大的量子修正，这意味着缺乏理解。因此，除了精确测量标准模型的可观测量之外，实验还在寻找标准模型之外的新物理，以解释标准模型的一些缺点。在这次演讲中，我们介绍了利用大型强子对撞机上的三个实验记录的数据，在标准模型之外寻找新物理的结果。

英文摘要：

At the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), protons and heavy ions are accelerated to velocities close to the speed of light and collided in order to study particle interactions and give us an insight to the fundamental laws of nature. The energy and intensity of the particle beams at the LHC are unprecedented, and a tremendous amount of data is collected by three experiments on the circular ring of the LHC that are specialized in proton-proton collisions. The data confirm the most successful theory of particle physics to date known as the standard model of particle physics to very good precision, including the long expected and recently discovered Higgs boson. The standard model cannot, however, accommodate experimentally observed phenomena like gravity, neutrino masses, and dark matter. The theory can also be theoretically unsatisfying as a result of parameters that go unexplained, such as the relatively low value of the Higgs mass despite its large quantum corrections, implying a lack of understanding. For this reason, in addition to precision measurements of standard model observables, experiments search for new physics beyond the standard model that could explain some of the shortcomings of the standard model. A selection of results for searches for new physics beyond the standard model using data recorded by three experiments on the LHC are presented in this talk.

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