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arXiv 1904.07580physics.flu-dynnlin.CDphysics.app-phphysics.bio-phphysics.geo-ph
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三维层流中的拉格朗日输运和混沌平流

Lagrangian transport and chaotic advection in three-dimensional laminar flows

Michel Speetjens, Guy Metcalfe, Murray Rudman

摘要:

流体流动中标量的输运和混合在工业和自然界中普遍存在。湍流通过其固有的随机性促进有效的输送和混合。层流缺乏这样的自然混合机制,有效的输送更具挑战性。然而,层流是必不可少的许多问题和洞察其传输特性的重要性。可以说,用拉格朗日流体运动(“平流”)和流体轨迹的几何、拓扑和连贯性来描述层流输送是最好的。有效的层流输送相当于“混沌平流”,这是这一方法的一个关键发现。拉格朗日框架能够系统地分析和设计层流。然而,拉格朗日输运的科学见解和技术应用之间的差距是巨大的,主要有两个原因。首先,许多研究关注二维(2D)流动,但现实世界是三维(3D)的。第二,拉格朗日运输通常是理想化的流量,但实际的相关性需要研究现实的三维流动。本审查的目的是刺激进一步开发和利用的专有技术的三维拉格朗日运输和传播实践。为此,3D实际流被归类为典型的问题。首先,揭示拉格朗日输运的多样性,并使人们认识到它的广泛相关性。第二,促进科学学科内部和学科之间的知识转移。第三,调和实际流动与拉格朗日输送和混沌平流的基本原理。这可能是在结构上将“拉格朗日思维”纳入三维实际流动的分析和设计的第一个动机。

英文摘要:

Transport and mixing of scalar quantities in fluid flows is ubiquitous in industry and Nature. Turbulent flows promote efficient transport and mixing by their inherent randomness. Laminar flows lack such a natural mixing mechanism and efficient transport is far more challenging. However, laminar flow is essential to many problems and insight into its transport characteristics of great importance. Laminar transport, arguably, is best described by the Lagrangian fluid motion (`advection') and the geometry, topology and coherence of fluid trajectories. Efficient laminar transport being equivalent to `chaotic advection' is a key finding of this approach. The Lagrangian framework enables systematic analysis and design of laminar flows. However, the gap between scientific insights into Lagrangian transport and technological applications is formidable primarily for two reasons. First, many studies concern two-dimensional (2D) flows yet the real world is three dimensional (3D). Second, Lagrangian transport is typically investigated for idealised flows yet practical relevance requires studies on realistic 3D flows. The present review aims to stimulate further development and utilisation of know-how on 3D Lagrangian transport and its dissemination to practice. To this end 3D practical flows are categorised into canonical problems. First, to expose the diversity of Lagrangian transport and create awareness of its broad relevance. Second, to enable knowledge transfer both within and between scientific disciplines. Third, to reconcile practical flows with fundamentals on Lagrangian transport and chaotic advection. This may be a first incentive to structurally integrate the `Lagrangian mindset' into the analysis and design of 3D practical flows.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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