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arXiv 1402.2875physics.flu-dynnlin.CD
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惯性粒子混沌平流中的记忆效应

Memory effects in chaotic advection of inertial particles

Anton Daitche, Tamás Tél

摘要:

系统地研究了历史力对重、轻粒子平流的影响。一般的关系,以确定参数区域的历史力预计是可比的斯托克斯阻力。作为一个说明性的例子,一个典型的二维流,冯卡门流。对于小的(但不是非常小的)粒子,所有研究的动力学性质都在很大程度上取决于记忆的存在,与无记忆的情况相比:历史力产生了一个相当不平凡的动力学,似乎削弱了(但不是抑制)惯性效应,它增强了粘度的整体贡献。我们探索的参数空间跨越的颗粒大小和密度比,并发现一个较弱的趋势,积累在吸引子和焦散线的形成。瞬态的李雅普诺夫指数随记忆的增加而增大。周期吸引子被发现有一个非常缓慢的,$t^{-1/2}$型收敛到渐近形式。我们发现,快照吸引子的概念是有用的,以了解这种缓慢的收敛:粒子的合奏指数快速收敛到一个快照吸引子,经历了很长一段时间的缓慢转变。

英文摘要:

A systematic investigation of the effect of the history force on particle advection is carried out for both heavy and light particles. General relations are given to identify parameter regions where the history force is expected to be comparable with the Stokes drag. As an illustrative example, a paradigmatic two-dimensional flow, the von Kármán flow is taken. For small (but not extremely small) particles all investigated dynamical properties turn out to heavily depend on the presence of memory when compared to the memoryless case: the history force generates a rather non-trivial dynamics that appears to weaken (but not to suppress) inertial effects, it enhances the overall contribution of viscosity. We explore the parameter space spanned by the particle size and the density ratio, and find a weaker tendency for accumulation in attractors and for caustics formation. The Lyapunov exponent of transients becomes larger with memory. Periodic attractors are found to have a very slow, $t^{-1/2}$ type convergence towards the asymptotic form. We find that the concept of snapshot attractors is useful to understand this slow convergence: an ensemble of particles converges exponentially fast towards a snapshot attractor, which undergoes a slow shift for long times.

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