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arXiv 1904.04544q-bio.NCcond-mat.dis-nn
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从连续记录预测大神经元群体的同步放电

Predicting synchronous firing of large neural populations from sequential recordings

Oleksandr Sorochynskyi, Stéphane Deny, Olivier Marre, Ulisse Ferrari

摘要:

神经科学的一个主要目标是了解神经元群体如何编码刺激或动作。虽然可以同时记录的神经元数量正在快速增加,但在大多数情况下,这些记录无法访问完整的群体。特别是,很难同时记录给定区域中相同类型的所有神经元。由于遗传和生理学工具,最近的进展使得在给定区域中对每个记录的神经元进行分析成为可能,并将来自不同实验阶段的相同类型神经元的记录汇集在一起。然而,目前还不清楚如何从这些连续记录中推断出相同类型的完整神经元群体的活动。神经网络表现出集体行为,例如噪声相关性和同步活动,这些行为不能被条件独立的模型直接捕获,条件独立的模型只会将来自顺序记录的脉冲序列放在一起。在这里,我们表明,我们可以推断出一个完整的人口的视网膜神经节细胞的连续记录的活动,使用一种新的方法的基础上copula分布和最大熵建模。从每个神经节细胞对重复刺激的尖峰反应,以及一些成对的记录,我们可以使用copula预测噪声相关性,然后使用最大熵建模来预测大量相同类型神经节细胞的全部活动。值得注意的是,我们可以概括地预测群体对不同刺激甚至不同实验的反应。因此,我们可以使用我们的方法来构建一个非常大的群体,合并来自不同实验的细胞反应。我们准确地预测了同步活动,并显示它随着神经元数量的增加而大幅增长。这种方法是一种很有前途的方式来推断人口活动的连续记录在感觉区。

英文摘要:

A major goal in neuroscience is to understand how populations of neurons code for stimuli or actions. While the number of neurons that can be recorded simultaneously is increasing at a fast pace, in most cases these recordings cannot access a complete population. In particular, it is hard to simultaneously record all the neurons of the same type in a given area. Recent progress have made possible to profile each recorded neuron in a given area thanks to genetic and physiological tools, and to pool together recordings from neurons of the same type across different experimental sessions. However, it is unclear how to infer the activity of a full population of neurons of the same type from these sequential recordings. Neural networks exhibit collective behaviour, e.g. noise correlations and synchronous activity, that are not directly captured by a conditionally-independent model that would just put together the spike trains from sequential recordings. Here we show that we can infer the activity of a full population of retina ganglion cells from sequential recordings, using a novel method based on copula distributions and maximum entropy modeling. From just the spiking response of each ganglion cell to a repeated stimulus, and a few pairwise recordings, we could predict the noise correlations using copulas, and then the full activity of a large population of ganglion cells of the same type using maximum entropy modeling. Remarkably, we could generalize to predict the population responses to different stimuli and even to different experiments. We could therefore use our method to construct a very large population merging cells' responses from different experiments. We predicted synchronous activity accurately and showed it grew substantially with the number of neurons. This approach is a promising way to infer population activity from sequential recordings in sensory areas.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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