采用双势方法，从母核的原子价（空穴）和同位旋不对称性的角度，研究了与$Z=82$、$N=82$和126壳层封闭周围基态和同分异构态有关的封闭壳层核的不利$\mathcalα$衰变半衰期和$\mathcalα$预形成几率.结果表明，$\mathcalα$预形成几率与$N_p N_n$或$N_p N_n I$成线性关系，与我们以前工作[X.-X.]中的有利$\mathcalα$衰变的情况相同。D. Sun \textit{et al.}，Phys. Rev. C 94，024338（2016）]。$N_p$、$N_n$和$I$分别表示母核的价质子（空穴）数、价中子（空穴）数和同位旋。通过对实验数据与计算半衰期之间的差异提取的$\mathrmα$预生成概率数据进行拟合，得到了两个计算$\mathcalα$预生成概率的线性公式及相应的参数值。根据这些公式和相应的参数，我们计算了这些核的$\mathrmα$衰变半衰期。计算结果与实验数据吻合较好。
英文摘要：
In present work, the unfavored $\mathcalα$ decay half-lives and $\mathcalα$ preformation probabilities of closed shell nuclei related to ground and isomeric states around $Z=82$, $N=82$ and 126 shell closures are investigated by adopting two-potential approach from the perspective of valence nucleon (hole) and isospin asymmetry of the parent nucleus. The results indicate that $\mathcalα$ preformation probability is linear dependence on $N_p N_n$ or $N_p N_n I$, the same as the case of favored $\mathcalα$ decay in our previous work [X.-D. Sun \textit{et al.}, Phys. Rev. C 94, 024338 (2016)]. $N_p$, $N_n$, and $I$ represent the number of valence protons (holes), the number of valence neutrons (holes), and the isospin of the parent nucleus, respectively. Fitting the $\mathrmα$ preformation probabilities data extracted from the differences between experimental data and calculated half-lives without a shell correction, we give two linear formulas of the $\mathcalα$ preformation probabilities and the values of corresponding parameters. Based on the formulas and corresponding parameters, we calculate the $\mathrmα$ decay half-lives for those nuclei. The calculated results can well reproduce the experimental data.
First-forbidden $\mathbfβ$-decay rates, energy rates of $β$-delayed neutrons and probability of $β$-delayed neutron emissions for neutron-rich nickel isotopes
首次系统地研究了83 \leq Z \leq 101范围内奇偶核α衰变精细结构。所用的模型是最近提出的变形核的库仑和邻近势模型（CPPDN），它采用变形库仑势，变形两项邻近势和离心势。计算的部分半衰期，总半衰期和分支比与实验数据进行了比较，是在良好的协议。部分半衰期的标准差为1.08，分支比的标准差为1.21。我们的形式主义也成功地预测角动量阻碍和结构阻碍的转变。本文的研究表明，CPPMDN是一个统一的理论，它成功地解释了基态和同质异能态的α衰变，以及偶偶核、偶奇核和奇偶核的α精细结构。我们的研究表明，母核和子核表面的差异或形变参数的变化以及母核和子核壳层结构的变化，都会影响α衰变几率。
Precise determination of electron-capture $Q$ value of $^{113}$Sn decay related to electron neutrino mass measurements
University of Jyvaskyla（耶夫勒大学）；International Centre for Advanced Training and Research in Physics（国际高级物理培训与研究中心）；Faculty of Physics, University of Bucharest（布加勒斯特大学物理学院）；“Horia Hulubei” National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering（霍里亚·胡鲁贝伊国家物理与核工程研究所）
