具有不同基态自旋宇称的α发射体内部的预形成几率
The preformation probability inside Alpha-emitters having different ground state spin-parity than daughters
摘要：
在放射性α发射体中形成的子体的基态自旋和宇称将影响其内部α团簇和子体团簇的预形成几率，我们研究了子体和母体具有不同自旋和宇称时奇A核和双奇核内部α团簇和子体团簇的预形成几率.我们只考虑基态到基态的不利衰变。这是为了提取关于所涉及的核的基态自旋宇称的差异的影响的精确信息，如果衰变来自同质异能态，则远离来自激发能的任何影响。在扩展集群模型的框架下，针对161个Alpha发射体（Z=65-112，N=84-173）以及WKB渗透率和攻击频率进行了计算。我们采用基于Skyrme-SLy 4相互作用的哈密顿能量密度方案计算相互作用势。从计算的衰变宽度和实验的半衰期时间中提取α +团簇预形成概率。我们详细讨论了发射α粒子的角动量对不利衰变过程中所涉及的各种物理量的影响，以及它最终是如何增加半衰期的。我们发现，如果母核和子核的基态自旋和/或宇称不同，则母核内部α团簇的预形成几率小于它们具有相似自旋宇称时的预形成几率.我们修改了用母核壳层外的质子和中子数给出α预成几率的公式，以解释基态之间不利衰变的预成几率中的这种阻碍。
英文摘要：
The ground-state spin and parity of a formed daughter in the radioactive Alpha-emitter is expected to influence the preformation probability of the Alpha and daughter clusters inside it. We investigate the Alpha and daughter preformation probability inside odd-A and doubly-odd radioactive nuclei when the daughter and parent are of different spin and/or parity. We consider only the ground-state to ground-state unfavored decays. This is to extract precise information about the effect of the difference in the ground states spin-parity of the involved nuclei far away any influences from the excitation energy if the decays are coming from isomeric states. The calculations are done for 161 Alpha-emitters, with Z=65-112 and N=84-173, in the framework of the extended cluster model, with WKB penetrability and assault frequency. We used a Hamiltonian energy density scheme based on Skyrme-SLy4 interaction to compute the interaction potential. The Alpha plus cluster preformation probability is extracted from the calculated decay width and the experimental half-life time. We discussed in detailed steps the effect of angular momentum of the emitted Alpha-particle on the various physical quantities involved in the unfavored decay process and how it is finally increases the half-life time. We found that if the ground states spin and/or parity of parent and daughter nuclei are different, then the preformation probability of the Alpha-cluster inside parent is less than it would be if they have similar spin-parity. We modified the formula that gives the Alpha preformation probability in terms of the numbers of protons and neutrons outside the shell closures of parent, to account for this hindrance in the preformation probability for the unfavored decays between ground states.
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