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arXiv 1903.03346quant-phcond-mat.mes-hallgr-qc
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用宏观机械振子和摆检验广义不确定原理

Testing of Generalized Uncertainty Principle With Macroscopic Mechanical Oscillators and Pendulums

P. A. Bushev, J. Bourhill, M. Goryachev, N. Kukharchyk, E. Ivanov, S. Galliou, M. E. Tobar, S. Danilishin

摘要:

近年来,在量子态下对机械振子的观测和操纵为基础物理的研究提供了新的机会,如寻找量子引力的低能特征。例如,最近有人提出,通过检测可能由量子引力修正引起的[x,p]对易关系的变化,这种设备可以用于测试量子引力效应。我们表明,这种修正的结果在机械振荡器的共振频率依赖于它的振幅,这是已知的幅频效应。利用这种新方法,我们测量了0.3kg超高Q值蓝宝石劈条机械谐振器和10mg石英体声波谐振器的幅频效应。我们的蓝宝石谐振腔实验建立了量子引力修正常数的上限为$β_0<5 \times10^6$这是一个比以前检测到的6倍。从石英谐振器的实验中对$β_0$的合理估计产生了甚至更严格的$4\times10^4$极限。1936年Atkinson测量物理摆周期的数据集对$β_0 \ll 1$的局限性明显增强。然而,由于在这些实验中缺乏适当的摆频率稳定性测量,$β_0$的精确上限不能可靠地建立。此外,基于摆锤的系统仅允许测试取决于动量平均值的修改的换向器的特定形式。相反,机电振荡器能够直接由于高得多的稳定性和更高的控制程度而测试任何形式的广义不确定原理。

英文摘要:

Recent progress in observing and manipulating mechanical oscillators at quantum regime provides new opportunities of studying fundamental physics, for example, to search for low energy signatures of quantum gravity. For example, it was recently proposed that such devices can be used to test quantum gravity effects, by detecting the change in the [x,p] commutation relation that could result from quantum gravity corrections. We show that such a correction results in a dependence of a resonant frequency of a mechanical oscillator on its amplitude, which is known as amplitude-frequency effect. By implementing this new method we measure amplitude-frequency effect for 0.3 kg ultra high-Q sapphire split-bar mechanical resonator and for 10 mg quartz bulk acoustic wave resonator. Our experiments with sapphire resonator have established the upper limit on quantum gravity correction constant for $β_0<5 \times10^6$ which is a factor of 6 better than previously detected. The reasonable estimates of $β_0$ from experiments with quartz resonators yield an even more stringent limit of $4\times10^4$. The data sets of 1936 measurement of physical pendulum period by Atkinson results in significantly stronger limitations on $β_0 \ll 1$. Yet, due to the lack of proper pendulum frequency stability measurement in these experiments, the exact upper bound on $β_0$ can not be reliably established. Moreover, pendulum based systems only allow testing a specific form of the modified commutator that depends on the mean value of momentum. The electro-mechanical oscillators to the contrary enable testing of any form of generalized uncertainty principle directly due to much higher stability and a higher degree of control.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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