arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv周末暂无论文更新,休息一下吧,周末愉快~~
arXiv 1902.08174cond-mat.stat-mechcond-mat.mes-hall
收藏

自振荡的随机热力学:电子穿梭

Stochastic thermodynamics of self-oscillations: the electron shuttle

C. W. Wächtler, P. Strasberg, S. H. L. Klapp, G. Schaller, C. Jarzynski

摘要:

自激振荡是一种跨学科研究的现象,包括高效热机和发电机的工程。我们研究单电子穿梭,一个模型纳米尺度的系统,表现出自发过渡到自振荡,从热力学的角度来看。我们分析了模型在三个不同层次的描述:完全随机水平的基础上福克-普朗克和朗之万方程,平均场水平,和一个微扰的解决方案,特别是小振荡幅度的福克-普朗克方程。我们提供了一致的推导热力学热力学定律为这个模型系统在每个这些水平。在平均场水平,一个突然的过渡到自振荡产生的确定性运动方程的Hopf分叉。在随机水平上,这种转变被噪声掩盖,但分叉的痕迹在稳态概率密度中仍然可见。在所有的描述水平上,向自振荡的转变反映在热力学量中,例如热流、功和熵产生率。我们的分析提供了一个全面的图片的纳米尺度的自振荡系统,随机和确定性的模型由一个统一的热力学角度。

英文摘要:

Self-oscillation is a phenomenon studied across many scientific disciplines, including the engineering of efficient heat engines and electric generators. We investigate the single electron shuttle, a model nano-scale system that exhibits a spontaneous transition towards self-oscillation, from a thermodynamic perspective. We analyze the model at three different levels of description: The fully stochastic level based on Fokker-Planck and Langevin equations, the mean-field level, and a perturbative solution to the Fokker-Planck equation that works particularly well for small oscillation amplitudes. We provide consistent derivations of the laws of thermodynamics for this model system at each of these levels. At the mean-field level, an abrupt transition to self-oscillation arises from a Hopf bifurcation of the deterministic equations of motion. At the stochastic level, this transition is smeared out by noise, but vestiges of the bifurcation remain visible in the stationary probability density. At all levels of description, the transition towards self-oscillation is reflected in thermodynamic quantities such as heat flow, work and entropy production rate. Our analysis provides a comprehensive picture of a nano-scale self-oscillating system, with stochastic and deterministic models linked by a unifying thermodynamic perspective.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑