协整理论在系综脉冲星时标算法中的应用
The application of co-integration theory in ensemble pulsar timescale algorithm
摘要：
与单颗脉冲星相比，采用多颗脉冲星并采用适当的算法建立脉冲星时间尺度可以减小各种噪声对脉冲星时间尺度长期稳定性的影响。然而，由于某些脉冲星的计时精度较低，且存在明显的红噪声，它们在整体脉冲星时标构建中的参与往往受到限制。受协整理论求解非平稳序列建模原理的启发，提出了一种基于协整理论的脉冲星系综时标建立算法。结果表明，当脉冲星数据之间存在协整关系时，该算法可以有效地抑制噪声源。与经典的加权平均算法不同，协整方法为脉冲星中的强红噪声提供了参与建立脉冲星总体时标的机会。基于北美纳赫兹引力波观测数据，我们发现协积分算法可以成功地抑制几种定时噪声，提高脉冲星集合时标的长期稳定性。
英文摘要：
Employing multiple pulsars and using an appropriate algorithm to establish ensemble pulsar timescale can reduce the influences of various noises on the long-term stability of pulsar timescale, compared to a single pulsar. However, due to the low timing precision and the significant red noises of some pulsars, their participation in the construction of ensemble pulsar timescale is often limited. Inspired by the principle of solving non-stationary sequence modeling using co-integration theory, we puts forward an algorithm based on the co-integration theory to establish ensemble pulsar timescale. It is found that this algorithm can effectively suppress some noise sources if a co-integration relationship between different pulsar data exist. Different from the classical weighted average algorithm, the co-integration method provides the chances of the pulsar with significant red noises to attend the establishment of ensemble pulsar timescale. Based on the data from the North American Nanohertz Observatory for Gravitational Waves, we found that the co-integration algorithm can successfully reduce several timing noises and improve the long-term stability of the ensemble pulsar timescale.
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