脉冲星时标的研制
Development of a pulsar-based timescale
摘要：
利用Parkes脉冲星定时阵列（PPTA）项目的观测数据，我们开发了第一个基于脉冲星的时标，其精度可与国际原子时标的不确定性相媲美。我们的恒星系综提供了一个类似于自由原子时标Echelle Atomique Libre（EAL）的Ensemble脉冲星标度（EPS）。EPS可用于检测原子时标的波动，因此可能导致地球时间TT（PPTA11）的新实现。我们成功地跟踪了已知影响国际原子时间表（TAI）频率的特征，发现TT（PPTA11）和TT（BIPM 11）之间存在轻微的显著差异。我们讨论的各种现象，导致相关信号的脉冲星定时残差，因此限制了脉冲星时标的稳定性。
英文摘要：
Using observations of pulsars from the Parkes Pulsar Timing Array (PPTA) project we develop the first pulsar-based timescale that has a precision comparable to the uncertainties in international atomic timescales. Our ensemble of pulsars provides an Ensemble Pulsar Scale (EPS) analogous to the free atomic timescale Echelle Atomique Libre (EAL). The EPS can be used to detect fluctuations in atomic timescales and therefore can lead to a new realisation of Terrestrial Time, TT(PPTA11). We successfully follow features known to affect the frequency of the International Atomic Timescale (TAI) and we find marginally significant differences between TT(PPTA11) and TT(BIPM11). We discuss the various phenomena that lead to a correlated signal in the pulsar timing residuals and therefore limit the stability of the pulsar timescale.
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