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arXiv 1902.01185q-bio.PEphysics.bio-ph
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突变性比偏倚

Sex-ratio bias induced by mutation

Minjae Kim, Hyeong-Chai Jeong, Seung Ki Baek

摘要:

进化生物学中的一个问题是,为什么在许多物种中,雄性的数量近似等于雌性的数量,而费舍尔的平等投资理论回答了这一问题,即这是进化稳定状态。费雪机制可以通过基于以下假设的遗传模型给出具体形式:(1)雄性和雌性随机交配。(2)一个等位基因作用于父亲,决定预期的后代性别比。(3)后代以相等的概率从父母的任何一方继承等位基因。已知该模型由于具有不同子代性比的突变等位基因的入侵而实现1:1的性比。然而,在这项研究中,我们认为突变起着更微妙的作用,因为突变引起的波动使性别比例重新正常化,从而使其远离1:1。这一发现显示了突变如何系统地影响性别比,由此可以从观察到的性别比估计有效突变率。

英文摘要:

A question in evolutionary biology is why the number of males is approximately equal to that of females in many species, and Fisher's theory of equal investment answers that it is the evolutionarily stable state. The Fisherian mechanism can be given a concrete form by a genetic model based on the following assumptions: (1) Males and females mate at random. (2) An allele acts on the father to determine the expected progeny sex ratio. (3) The offspring inherits the allele from either side of the parents with equal probability. The model is known to achieve the 1:1 sex ratio due to the invasion of mutant alleles with different progeny sex ratios. In this study, however, we argue that mutation plays a more subtle role in that fluctuations caused by mutation renormalize the sex ratio and thereby keep it away from 1:1 in general. This finding shows how the sex ratio is affected by mutation in a systematic way, whereby the effective mutation rate can be estimated from an observed sex ratio.

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