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arXiv 1901.07564astro-ph.GA
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盖亚DR2揭示了2-3 Gyr前在圆盘中的恒星形成爆发

Gaia DR2 reveals a star formation burst in the disc 2-3 Gyr ago

R. Mor, A. C. Robin, F. Figueras, S. Roca-Fàbrega, X. Luri

摘要:

我们使用盖亚DR 2的星等,颜色和G<12的恒星的视差来探索一个15维的空间,其中同时包括初始质量函数(IMF)和银河系盘的非参数恒星形成历史(SFH)。这种推断是通过结合贝桑松星系模型快速近似模拟(BGM FASt)和近似贝叶斯计算算法来执行的。我们在盖亚DR 2数据中发现了2-3 Gyr前恒星形成爆发的印记,在银河系薄盘域中,目前的恒星形成速率(SFR)约为1 Msun。我们的结果表明,从9-10 Gyr到6-7 Gyr前,SFR呈下降趋势。这与在红移z<1.8时观察到的宇宙学恒星形成猝灭相一致。这种下降趋势之后是SFR增强,从大约5 Gyr前开始,持续到大约1 Gyr前,通过丢弃p值=0.002的指数SFH的零假设,检测到具有高统计学显著性。我们估计,从我们的最佳拟合模型,大约50%的质量用于产生恒星,沿着薄盘的生活,是在5至1 Gyr前的时期。SFR增强事件期间产生的恒星质量的时间尺度和数量使我们假设其起源,目前正在调查中,不是固有的光盘。因此,需要一个外部扰动来解释它。此外,我们发现,对于薄盘,$α_3 \approx 2$的IMF的斜率为质量M>1.53 Msun和$α_2 \approx 1.3$的质量范围在0.5和1.53 Msun之间。这是我们第一次考虑贝桑松星系模型中薄盘的非参数SFH。这一新的步骤,加上盖亚DR 2的能力,打破不同的恒星星族之间的简并,使我们能够更好地约束SFH和IMF。

英文摘要:

We use Gaia DR2 magnitudes, colours and parallaxes for stars with G<12 to explore a 15-dimensional space that includes simultaneously the initial mass function (IMF) and a non-parametric star formation history (SFH) for the Galactic disc. This inference is performed by combining the Besancon Galaxy Model fast approximate simulations (BGM FASt) and an approximate Bayesian computation algorithm. We find in Gaia DR2 data an imprint of a star formation burst 2-3 Gyr ago, in the Galactic thin disc domain, and a present star formation rate (SFR) of about 1 Msun. Our results show a decreasing trend of the SFR from 9-10 Gyr to 6-7 Gyr ago. This is consistent with the cosmological star formation quenching observed at redshifts z<1.8. This decreasing trend is followed by a SFR enhancement starting at about 5 Gyr ago and continuing until about 1 Gyr ago which is detected with high statistical significance by discarding the null hypothesis of an exponential SFH with a p-value=0.002. We estimate, from our best fit model, that about the 50% of the mass used to generate stars, along the thin disc life, was expended in the period from 5 to 1 Gyr ago. The timescale and the amount of stellar mass generated during the SFR enhancement event lead us to hypothesise that its origin, currently under investigation, is not intrinsic to the disc. Thus, an external perturbation is needed for its explanation. Additionally we find, for the thin disc, a slope of the IMF of $α_3 \approx 2$ for masses M>1.53 Msun and $α_2 \approx 1.3$ for the mass range between 0,5 and 1,53 Msun. This is the first time that we consider a non-parametric SFH for the thin disc in the Besancon Galaxy Model. This new step, together with the capabilities of the Gaia DR2 parallaxes to break degeneracies between different stellar populations, allow us to better constrain the SFH and the IMF.

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