形状振荡的自发时空有序化促进细胞迁移
Spontaneous Spatiotemporal Ordering of Shape Oscillations Enhances Cell Migration
摘要：
细胞的迁移与诸如形态发生、伤口愈合和癌细胞侵袭的过程相关。为了移动，单个细胞周期性地变形。然而，还不清楚这些形状振荡如何影响集体性质。在这里，我们证明，使用数值模拟，定向运动，形状振荡和排除体积的相互作用，使细胞能够局部“同步”他们的运动，从而提高集体迁移。我们的模型捕捉了由内部时钟控制的具有固定周期的爬行变形细胞的伸长和收缩，模仿生物细胞的内部周期。我们发现，形状振荡是至关重要的局部重排，诱导相邻细胞之间的内部时钟的顺序，即使在没有信号和正规化。我们的发现揭示了一种新的纯物理机制，通过这种机制，细胞的内部动力学影响它们的集体行为，这与众所周知的机制如趋化性、细胞分裂和细胞-细胞粘附不同。
英文摘要：
The migration of cells is relevant for processes such as morphogenesis, wound healing, and invasion of cancer cells. In order to move, single cells deform cyclically. However, it is not understood how these shape oscillations influence collective properties. Here we demonstrate, using numerical simulations, that the interplay of directed motion, shape oscillations, and excluded volume enables cells to locally "synchronize" their motion and thus enhance collective migration. Our model captures elongation and contraction of crawling ameboid cells controlled by an internal clock with a fixed period, mimicking the internal cycle of biological cells. We show that shape oscillations are crucial for local rearrangements that induce ordering of internal clocks between neighboring cells even in the absence of signaling and regularization. Our findings reveal a novel, purely physical mechanism through which the internal dynamics of cells influences their collective behavior, which is distinct from well known mechanisms like chemotaxis, cell division, and cell-cell adhesion.
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