兴奋性肌动蛋白动力学与阿米巴样细胞迁移
Excitable actin dynamics and amoeboid cell migration
摘要：
阿米巴样细胞迁移的特征在于运动方向的频繁变化，并且类似于长时间尺度上的持续随机行走。虽然众所周知，细胞迁移通常是由肌动蛋白细胞骨架驱动的，但这种迁移行为的原因仍然知之甚少。我们分析了由于成核促进因素，肌动蛋白丝导致成核剂失活的肌动蛋白组装的自发动力学。我们表明，该系统具有可激发的动力学，可以自发地产生波，我们详细分析。通过使用相场的方法，我们表明，这些波可以产生细胞随机行走。我们探讨这些持续的随机游走的特性如何依赖于肌动蛋白成核动力学的参数。特别是，我们发现，有效的扩散常数和持续时间强烈依赖于细丝组装的速度和成核剂失活的速率。我们的研究结果指出了随机游走行为的确定性起源，并表明细胞可以通过修改可用肌动蛋白的池来适应其迁移模式。
英文摘要：
Amoeboid cell migration is characterized by frequent changes of the direction of motion and resembles a persistent random walk on long time scales. Although it is well known that cell migration is typically driven by the actin cytoskeleton, the cause of this migratory behavior remains poorly understood. We analyze the spontaneous dynamics of actin assembly due to nucleation promoting factors, where actin filaments lead to an inactivation of the nucleators. We show that this system exhibits excitable dynamics and can spontaneously generate waves, which we analyse in detail. By using a phase-field approach, we show that these waves can generate cellular random walks. We explore how the characteristics of these persistent random walks depend on the parameters governing the actin-nucleator dynamics. In particular, we find that the effective diffusion constant and the persistence time depend strongly on the speed of filament assembly and the rate of nucleator inactivation. Our findings point to a deterministic origin of the random walk behavior and suggest that cells could adapt their migration pattern by modifying the pool of available actin.
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