Spectroscopic confirmation and modelling of two lensed quadruple quasars in the Dark Energy Survey public footprint
C. Spiniello, A. V. Sergeyev, L. Marchetti, C. Tortora, N. R. Napolitano, V. Shalyapin, A. Agnello, F. I. Getman, M. Vaccari, S. Serjeant, L. V. E. Koopmans, A.… 展开作者
C. Spiniello, A. V. Sergeyev, L. Marchetti, C. Tortora, N. R. Napolitano, V. Shalyapin, A. Agnello, F. I. Getman, M. Vaccari, S. Serjeant, L. V. E. Koopmans, A. J. Baker, T. H. Jarrett, G. Covone, G. Vernardos
备注：
Submitted to MNRAS, 10 pages, 6 figures, 4 tables. Some typos have been corrected with respect to the previous version
Quadruply lensed quasars are extremely rare objects, but incredibly powerful cosmological tools. Only few dozen are known in the whole sky. Here we present the spectroscopic confirmation of two new quadruplets WG0214-2105 and WG2100-4452 discovered by Agnello & Spiniello (2018) within the Dark Energy Survey (DES) public footprints. We have conducted spectroscopic follow-up of these systems with the Southern African Large Telescope as part of a program that aims at confirming the largest possible number of optically selected strong gravitational lensing systems in the Equatorial and Southern Hemisphere. For both systems, we present the spectra for the sources and deflectors that allowed us to estimate the source redshifts and unambiguously confirm their lensing nature. For the brighter deflector (WG2100-4452), we measure the stellar velocity dispersion from the spectrum. We also obtain photometry for both lenses, directly from DES multi-band images, isolating the lens galaxies from the quasar images. One of the quadruplets, WG0214-2105, was also observed by Pan-STARRS, allowing us to estimate the apparent brightness of each quasar image at two different epochs, and thus to find evidence for flux variability. This result could suggest a microlensing event for the faintest components, although intrinsic variability cannot be excluded with only two epochs. Finally, we present simple lens models for both quadruplets, obtaining Einstein radii, SIE velocity dispersions, ellipticities, and position angles of the lens systems, as well as time delay predictions assuming a concordance cosmological model.
Among known strongly lensed quasar systems, ~25% have gravitational potentials sufficiently flat (and sources sufficiently well aligned) to produce four images rather than two. The projected flattening of the lensing galaxy and tides from neighboring galaxies both contribute to the potential's quadrupole. Witt's hyperbola and Wynne's ellipse permit determination of the overall quadrupole from the positions of the quasar images. The position of the lensing galaxy resolves the distinct contributions of intrinsic ellipticity and tidal shear to that quadrupole. Among 31 quadruply lensed quasars sy…
Combining the exquisite angular resolution of Gaia with optical light curves and WISE photometry, the Gaia Gravitational Lenses group (GraL) uses machine learning techniques to identify candidate strongly lensed quasars, and has confirmed over two dozen new strongly lensed quasars from the Gaia Data Release 2. This paper reports on the 12 quadruply-imaged quasars identified by this effort to date, which is approximately a 20% increase in the total number of confirmed quadruply-imaged quasars. We discuss the candidate selection, spectroscopic follow-up, and lens modeling. We also report our spe…
We present spectroscopic confirmation of three new two-image gravitationally lensed quasars, compiled from existing strong lens and X-ray catalogs. Images of HSC J091843.27$-$022007.5 show a red galaxy with two blue point sources at either side, separated by 2.26 arcsec. This system has a source and a lens redshifts $z_s=0.804$ and $z_{\ell}=0.459$, respectively, as obtained by our follow-up spectroscopic data. CXCO J100201.50$+$020330.0 shows two point sources separated by 0.85 arcsec on either side of an early-type galaxy. The follow-up spectroscopic data confirm the fainter quasar has the s…
The quadruple lensed system WGD2038-4008 was recently discovered with the help of new techniques and observations. Even though black hole mass has been estimated for lensed quasars, it has been calculated mostly for one broad emission line of one image, but the images could be affected by microlensing, affecting the results. We present black hole mass (MBH) estimations for images A and B using the three most prominent broad emission lines (H$α$, H$β$ and MgII) obtained in one single-epoch spectra. This is the first time the mass is estimated in a lensed quasar in two images, allowing us to dis…
We present the spectroscopic confirmation of the brightest known gravitationally lensed Lyman break galaxy in the Epoch of Reionisation, A1703-zD1, through the detection of [C II] at a redshift of z = 6.8269 +/- 0.0004. This source was selected behind the strong lensing cluster Abell 1703, with an intrinsic L$_{UV}$ ~ L$^*$$_{z=7}$ luminosity and a very blue Spitzer/IRAC [3.6]-[4.5] colour, implying high equivalent width line emission of [O III]+H$β$. [C II] is reliably detected at 6.1$σ$ co-spatial with the rest-frame UV counterpart, showing similar spatial extent. Correcting for the lensing …
Confirming lensed-quasar candidates with DESI and P200 spectroscopy I. 14 lensed quasars and 8 lensed galaxies
Nanchang University（南昌大学）；Purple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院紫金山天文台）；Beijing Normal University（北京师范大学）；University of Hawaiʻi（夏威夷大学）；University of San Francisco（旧金山大学）；National Astronomical Observatories（国家天文台）；University of Science and Technology of China（中国科学技术大学）
We present the first search for $z\geqslant7$, continuum-confirmed sources with NIRISS/WFS spectroscopy over the Abell 2744 Frontier Fields cluster, as part of the GLASS-JWST ERS survey. With $\sim15$ hrs of pre-imaging and multi-angle grism exposures in the F115W, F150W, and F200W filters, we describe the general data handling (i.e., reduction, cleaning, modeling, and extraction processes) and analysis for the GLASS-JWST survey. We showcase the power of JWST to peer deep into reionization, when most intergalactic hydrogen is neutral, by confirming two galaxies at $z=8.04\pm0.15$ and $z=7.90\p…
Persephone's Torch: A 15th Magnitude Quadruply-Lensed Quasar From the Couch Discovered with SPHEREx and the LBT
Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie（马克斯·普朗克天文学研究所）；Heidelberg University（海德堡大学）；INAF - Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna（意大利国家天体物理研究所博洛尼亚天文与空间科学观测站）；Large Binocular Telescope Observatory, University of Arizona（亚利桑那大学大双筒望远镜天文台）
JWST lensed quasar dark matter survey IV: Stringent warm dark matter constraints from the joint reconstruction of extended lensed arcs and quasar flux ratios
University of Chicago（芝加哥大学）；University of California, Merced（加州大学默塞德分校）；University of California, Los Angeles（加州大学洛杉矶分校）；Stony Brook University（石溪大学）；Carnegie Institution for Science（卡内基科学机构）；University of California, Davis（加州大学戴维斯分校）；The University of Tokyo（东京大学）
Warm dark matter chills out: constraints on the halo mass function and the free-streaming length of dark matter with 8 quadruple-image strong gravitational lenses
Unresolved triple systems in the aged open cluster Trumpler 19: Discovery, confirmation, and implications
Universidad Andres Bello（安德斯贝洛大学）；Vatican Observatory（梵蒂冈天文台）；Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina（圣卡塔琳娜联邦大学）；European Southern Observatory（欧洲南方天文台）；University of Hertfordshire（赫特福德大学）；Universidad Bernardo O’Higgins（贝尔纳多·奥希金斯大学）；Universidad de Antofagasta（安托法加斯塔大学）
Search for Quasar Pairs with ${\it Gaia}$ Astrometric Data. III. Discovery of 9 dual and projected quasars
Institute for Frontier in Astronomy and Astrophysics, Beijing Normal University（北京师范大学前沿天文与天体物理研究所）；Department of Physics, Nanchang University（南昌大学物理学院）；Center for Relativistic Astrophysics and High Energy Physics, Nanchang University（南昌大学相对论天体物理与高能物理中心）；Purple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院紫金山天文台）；School of Physics and Astronomy, Beijing Normal University（北京师范大学物理与天文学院）
Accelerating lensed quasar discovery and modeling with physics-informed variational autoencoders
Technical University of Munich（慕尼黑工业大学）；Max-Planck-Institut für Astrophysik（马克斯·普朗克天体物理研究所）；Università degli Studi di Milano（米兰大学）；INAF – IASF Milano（意大利国家天体物理研究所米兰分部）；Academia Sinica Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics (ASIAA)（中央研究院天文及天文物理研究所）；Aix-Marseille Université（艾克斯-马赛大学）；American Museum of Natural History（美国自然历史博物馆）；Lehman College of the CUNY（纽约城市大学莱曼学院）
本文提出物理信息变分自编码器模型 VariLens，可在单 CPU 毫秒级完成透镜分类与 SIE 参数建模，并从约8000万源中筛选出42个待光谱确认的透镜类星体候选体。
Varstrometry for Off-nucleus and Dual Subkiloparsec AGN (VODKA): Three Quadruply Lensed Quasars at Cosmic Noon in HST and JWST
Johns Hopkins University（约翰斯·霍普金斯大学）；University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign（伊利诺伊大学厄巴纳-香槟分校）；Wuhan University（武汉大学）；Institute for Advanced Study（普林斯顿高等研究院）；Massachusetts Institute of Technology（麻省理工学院）
Streamlined Lensed Quasar Identification in Multiband Images via Ensemble Networks
Max-Planck-Institut für Astrophysik（马克斯·普朗克天体物理研究所）；Academia Sinica Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics (ASIAA)（中央研究院天文及天文物理研究所）；Università degli Studi di Milano（米兰大学）；Purple Mountain Observatory（紫金山天文台）；MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research（麻省理工学院卡夫利天体物理与空间研究所）；Institut Teknologi Bandung（万隆理工学院）；Technical University of Munich（慕尼黑工业大学）
COOL-LAMPS IX: A Rare Duo of Quasars Each Lensed by a Single Massive Galaxy Cluster
University of Chicago（芝加哥大学）；Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago（芝加哥大学卡弗里宇宙物理学研究所）；Arizona State University（亚利桑那州立大学）；University of Cincinnati（辛辛那提大学）；University of Massachusetts（马萨诸塞大学）
Spectroscopic confirmation of dual and offset quasars from the Subaru HSC-SSP program
School of Physics & Astronomy, University of Southampton（南安普顿大学物理与天文学院）；Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo（东京大学宇宙物理数学研究所（WPI））；Department of Astronomy, School of Science, The University of Tokyo（东京大学理学部天文学系）；Center for Data-Driven Discovery, Kavli IPMU (WPI), UTIAS, The University of Tokyo（东京大学UTIAS卡弗里IPMU数据驱动发现中心）；Center for Astrophysical Sciences, Department of Physics & Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University（约翰斯·霍普金斯大学物理与天文学系天体科学中心）；Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California, Santa Cruz（加州大学圣克鲁兹分校天文学与天体物理学系）；School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University（武汉大学物理科学与技术学院）；Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie（马克斯·普朗克天文学研究所）；Waseda Institute for Advanced Study (WIAS), Waseda University（早稻田大学高等研究院）
The identification of bright quasars at z>6 enables detailed studies of supermassive black holes, massive galaxies, structure formation, and the state of the intergalactic medium within the first billion years after the Big Bang. We present the spectroscopic confirmation of 55 quasars at redshifts 5.6<z<6.5 and UV magnitudes -24.5<M1450<-28.5 identified in the optical Pan-STARRS1 and near-IR VIKING surveys (48 and 7, respectively). Five of these quasars have been independently discovered in other studies. The quasar sample shows an extensive range of physical properties, including 17 objects w…
With the advent of new spectroscopic surveys from ground and space, observing up to hundreds of millions of galaxies, spectra classification will become overwhelming for standard analysis techniques. To prepare for this challenge, we introduce a family of deep learning tools to classify features in one-dimensional spectra. As the first application of these Galaxy Spectra neural Networks (GaSNets), we focus on tools specialized at identifying emission lines from strongly lensed star-forming galaxies in the eBOSS spectra. We first discuss the training and testing of these networks and define a t…
Lens Modeling and Cosmological Inference from an Impure Sample of Galaxy-Galaxy Strong Lenses
University of Portsmouth（朴茨茅斯大学）；University of Oxford（牛津大学）；Stanford University（斯坦福大学）；SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory（SLAC国家加速器实验室）；University of Illinois Urbana-Champagin（伊利诺伊大学厄巴纳-香槟分校）；Stony Brook University（石溪大学）
