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arXiv 1901.00503astro-ph.IMastro-ph.EPastro-ph.SR
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Wobble:一种数据驱动的恒星时间序列光谱分析技术

Wobble: A Data-driven Analysis Technique for Time-series Stellar Spectra

Megan Bedell, David W. Hogg, Daniel Foreman-Mackey, Benjamin T. Montet, Rodrigo Luger

摘要:

近年来,专用的极精密径向速度(EPRV)摄谱仪已经为明亮的恒星产生了大量的高分辨率,高信噪比的时间序列光谱。这些数据包含有价值的信息,通过测量的RV和恒星特征通过共同添加的光谱的行星检测的双重目的。然而,相当大的数据分析的挑战存在于从观测到的光谱中提取这些数据产品在尽可能高的精度,包括大地吸收特性差的问题和假设的恒星光谱模板的共同使用。在这两个例子中,直接使用数据可以避免对外部信息的精度限制依赖。在这里,我们提出了一个数据驱动的方法,同时提取精确的RV和推断使用线性模型(在流量的日志)的基础恒星和大地光谱。该模型采用凸目标和凸正则化,以保持快速优化的光谱分量。我们在wobble中实现了这种方法,wobble是一个开源的Python包,它在天文数据的第一个非神经网络应用程序中使用了TensorFlow。在这项工作中,我们展示了档案HARPS光谱摆动的性能。我们恢复了规范的系外行星51飞马座b,检测M矮巴纳德星的长期RV演化,并检索热木星HD 189733 b的罗斯特-麦克劳克林效应。该方法还产生极高的S/N复合恒星光谱和详细的时变大地光谱,我们也在这里。

英文摘要:

In recent years, dedicated extreme-precision radial velocity (EPRV) spectrographs have produced vast quantities of high-resolution, high-signal-to-noise time-series spectra for bright stars. These data contain valuable information for the dual purposes of planet detection via the measured RVs and stellar characterization via the co-added spectra. However, considerable data analysis challenges exist in extracting these data products from the observed spectra at the highest possible precision, including the issue of poorly-characterized telluric absorption features and the common use of an assumed stellar spectral template. In both of these examples, precision-limiting reliance on external information can be sidestepped using the data directly. Here we propose a data-driven method to simultaneously extract precise RVs and infer the underlying stellar and telluric spectra using a linear model (in the log of flux). The model employs a convex objective and convex regularization to keep the optimization of the spectral components fast. We implement this method in wobble, an open-source python package which uses TensorFlow in one of its first non-neural-network applications to astronomical data. In this work, we demonstrate the performance of wobble on archival HARPS spectra. We recover the canonical exoplanet 51 Pegasi b, detect the secular RV evolution of the M dwarf Barnard's Star, and retrieve the Rossiter-McLaughlin effect for the Hot Jupiter HD 189733b. The method additionally produces extremely high-S/N composite stellar spectra and detailed time-variable telluric spectra, which we also present here.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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