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arXiv 1812.09810quant-ph
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测量空间中的量子信息几何

Quantum Information Geometry in the Space of Measurements

Warner A. Miller

摘要:

我们介绍了一种新的方法来评估纠缠量子网络使用信息几何。由于量子纠缠增强了相关性,量子计算是强大的。例如,较大的纠缠网络可以增强量子密钥分发(QKD)。我们研究的每个网络都是一个具有一定纠缠度的n光子量子态。我们分析这样一个状态的测量数据的空间内,从重复的实验,由n个观察者在一组相同的准备量子态-一个量子态询问测量空间。如果探测器触发,每个观察者记录1,否则记录0。这在每个检测器处生成1和0的字符串,并且每个观察者可以从该序列定义二进制随机变量。我们使用一个众所周知的信息几何为基础的距离测量,适用于这些二进制字符串的测量结果,我们介绍了一个概括的长度,面积,体积和高维体积。这些几何方程是使用常见的联合熵和互熵的香农表达式定义的。我们将我们的方法应用到三个不同的三方量子态:GHZ状态,W状态,和一个可分离的状态P。我们推广了一个著名的信息几何分析的二分态的三方状态。这种方法提供了一种表征量子态的新方法,并且随着光子数量的增加,它可能具有有利的缩放。

英文摘要:

We introduce a new approach to evaluating entangled quantum networks using information geometry. Quantum computing is powerful because of the enhanced correlations from quantum entanglement. For example, larger entangled networks can enhance quantum key distribution (QKD). Each network we examine is an n-photon quantum state with a degree of entanglement. We analyze such a state within the space of measured data from repeated experiments made by n observers over a set of identically-prepared quantum states -- a quantum state interrogation in the space of measurements. Each observer records a 1 if their detector triggers, otherwise they record a 0. This generates a string of 1's and 0's at each detector, and each observer can define a binary random variable from this sequence. We use a well-known information geometry-based measure of distance that applies to these binary strings of measurement outcomes, and we introduce a generalization of this length to area, volume and higher-dimensional volumes. These geometric equations are defined using the familiar Shannon expression for joint and mutual entropy. We apply our approach to three distinct tripartite quantum states: the GHZ state, the W state, and a separable state P. We generalize a well-known information geometry analysis of a bipartite state to a tripartite state. This approach provides a novel way to characterize quantum states, and it may have favorable scaling with increased number of photons.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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