arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 1810.03343physics.soc-phcond-mat.stat-mech
收藏

密集行人群体对入侵者穿越的力学响应

Mechanical response of dense pedestrian crowds to the crossing of intruders

Alexandre Nicolas, Marcelo Kuperman, Santiago Ibanez, Sebastían Bouzat, Cécile Appert-Rolland

摘要:

越来越多的涉及大量人群的群众活动要求更好地了解密集人群的动态。探究这些动态的机械描述的可能性,我们实验研究了密集的静态人群的交叉由一个圆柱形的入侵者,一个机械测试,这是经典的颗粒物质。我们的实验分析揭示了强大的功能,在人群的反应,包括相似性和差异的颗粒媒体的反应。共同特征包括入侵者后面的耗尽区的存在和扰动的短程特征。另一方面,与颗粒不同,行人在接触之前就通过移动来预测入侵者的通过,并且他们的位移大多是横向的,因此与入侵者施加的力不一致。当入侵者不是一个圆柱体,而是一个单独的行人时,也可以得出类似的结论。因此,我们的工作表明,行人的相互作用,即使在高密度(3至6 ped/m 2)不减少机械的。更一般地说,回避策略证明了我们的研究结果的问题,不小心使用的力量模型密集的人群。

英文摘要:

The increasing number of mass events involving large crowds calls for a better understanding of the dynamics of dense crowds. Inquiring into the possibility of a mechanical description of these dynamics, we experimentally study the crossing of dense static crowds by a cylindrical intruder, a mechanical test which is classical for granular matter. The analysis of our experiments reveals robust features in the crowds' response, comprising both similarities and discrepancies with the response of granular media. Common features include the presence of a depleted region behind the intruder and the short-range character of the perturbation. On the other hand, unlike grains, pedestrians anticipate the intruder's passage by moving much before contact and their displacements are mostly lateral, hence not aligned with the forces exerted by the intruder. Similar conclusions are reached when the intruder is not a cylinder, but a single crossing pedestrian. Thus, our work shows that pedestrian interactions even at high densities (3 to 6 ped/m 2) do not reduce to mechanical ones. More generally, the avoidance strategies evidenced by our findings question the incautious use of force models for dense crowds.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑