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arXiv 1810.01461astro-ph.HE
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对plerionic超新星遗迹G21 $-$ 0.9的最深钱德拉X射线研究

The deepest Chandra X-ray study of the plerionic supernova remnant G21.5$-$0.9

Benson Guest, Samar Safi-Harb, Xiaping Tang

摘要:

G21.5-0.9是一颗超新星遗迹(SNR),被用作钱德拉X射线望远镜的校准目标。第一次观测发现,明亮的中央脉冲星风星云(PWN)周围有一个扩展的光环。2005年的一项研究发现,这个光环是边缘增亮的,并建议光环是缺失的SNR壳层。2010年,发现边缘增亮壳层的光谱主要是非热X射线。在这项研究中,我们结合了15年的钱德拉观测,包括超过1毫秒的曝光时间(796.1~ks与先进的CCD成像光谱仪(ACIS)和306.1~ks与高分辨率相机(HRC)),以提供最深入的最新成像和光谱研究。从肢体的发射主要是非热的,并描述了一个幂律模型与光子指数$Γ= 2.22 \, (2.04-2.34)$,加上一个弱的热成分,其特征在于温度$kT = 0.37\, (0.20-0.64)$ keV和低电离时间尺度$n_{e}t < 2.95 \times 10^{10}$ cm $^{-3}$ s。北结位于晕是最适合的两个组件的幂律+非平衡电离热模型,其特征在于由0.14千电子伏的温度和增强丰度的硅,确认其性质为喷出物。我们重新审视PWN的空间分辨光谱研究,发现它的径向光谱分布可以用扩散模型来解释。在磁场为$B =130 μG$的情况下,最佳拟合扩散系数为$D \sim 2.1\times 10^{27}\rm cm^2/s$,这与最近的3D MHD模拟结果一致。

英文摘要:

G21.5-0.9 is a plerionic supernova remnant (SNR) used as a calibration target for the Chandra X-ray telescope. The first observations found an extended halo surrounding the bright central pulsar wind nebula (PWN). A 2005 study discovered that this halo is limb-brightened and suggested the halo to be the missing SNR shell. In 2010 the spectrum of the limb-brightened shell was found to be dominated by non-thermal X-rays. In this study, we combine 15 years of Chandra observations comprising over 1~Msec of exposure time (796.1~ks with the Advanced CCD Imaging Spectrometer (ACIS) and 306.1~ks with the High Resolution Camera (HRC)) to provide the deepest-to-date imaging and spectroscopic study. The emission from the limb is primarily non-thermal and is described by a power-law model with a photon index $Γ= 2.22 \, (2.04-2.34)$, plus a weak thermal component characterized by a temperature $kT = 0.37\, (0.20-0.64)$ keV and a low ionization timescale of $n_{e}t < 2.95 \times 10^{10}$ cm$^{-3}$s. The northern knot located in the halo is best fitted with a two-component power-law + non-equilibrium ionization thermal model characterized by a temperature of 0.14 keV and an enhanced abundance of silicon, confirming its nature as ejecta. We revisit the spatially resolved spectral study of the PWN and find that its radial spectral profile can be explained by diffusion models. The best fit diffusion coefficient is $D \sim 2.1\times 10^{27}\rm cm^2/s$ assuming a magnetic field $B =130 μG$, which is consistent with recent 3D MHD simulation results.

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