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arXiv 1809.07906astro-ph.HEastro-ph.GA
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分子外流星系X射线辐射的研究(MOX样品)

A study of X-ray emission of galaxies hosting molecular outflows (MOX sample)

Sibasish Laha, Matteo Guainazzi, Enrico Piconcelli, Poshak Gandhi, Claudio Ricci, Ritesh Ghosh, Alex G. Markowitz, Joydeep Bagchi

摘要:

我们对一个具有分子外流的星系样品(MOX样品)进行了广泛的X射线光谱分析,以表征星系的X射线性质,并研究活动星系核对分子外流动力学性质的影响。我们发现这些源的X射线辐射热校正$(L_{2-10\rm keV}/L_{\rm AGN})$介于$\sim10^{-4.5}$到$10^{-0.5}$之间,其中源的$\sim 70\%$低于$10^{-2}$,这意味着相对于活动星系核辐射热光度($L_{\rm AGN}$)的X射线发射较弱。然而,根据Asmus等人推导的相关性,从$12μ$ m通量获得的$2-10\rm keV$光度($L_{\rm 2-10 keV, \,12μm}$)的上限,的$\sim 0.5-3$的数量级大于$L_{2-10\rm keV}$值估计使用X射线光谱,这意味着一种可能性,MOX源主机正常活动星系核(而不是X射线弱),其X射线光谱是非常模糊的。我们发现,$L_{2-10\rm keV}$和$L_{\rm AGN}$强烈相关的分子外流速度以及质量外流率($\dot{M}_{\rm out}$),这意味着中央活动星系核起着重要的作用,在驱动这些大规模的外流。然而,我们也发现星爆发射和MO质量流出率之间的统计上显著的正相关,$L_{\rm Starburst}$与$\dot{M}_{\rm out}$,$L_{0.6-2\rm keV}$与$\dot{M}_{\rm out}$,这意味着星爆可以产生和驱动分子流出。MO速度和$\dot{M}_{\rm out}$与活动星系核光度的相关性比与星暴光度的相关性强。我们的结论是,无论是星暴还是活动星系核,在驱动大尺度MO中都起着至关重要的作用。

英文摘要:

We have carried out an extensive X-ray spectral analysis of a sample of galaxies exhibiting molecular outflows (MOX sample), to characterize the X-ray properties and investigate the effect of AGN on the dynamical properties of the molecular outflows. We find that the X-ray bolometric correction $(L_{2-10\rm keV}/L_{\rm AGN})$ of these sources ranges from $\sim10^{-4.5}$ to $10^{-0.5}$, with $\sim 70\%$ of the sources below $10^{-2}$, implying a weak X-ray emission relative to the AGN bolometric luminosity ($L_{\rm AGN}$). However, the upper limit on the $2-10\rm keV$ luminosity ($L_{\rm 2-10 keV, \,12μm}$) obtained from $12μ$m flux, following the correlation derived by Asmus et al., are $\sim 0.5-3$ orders of magnitude larger than the $L_{2-10\rm keV}$ values estimated using X-ray spectroscopy, implying a possibility that the MOX sources host normal AGN (not X-ray weak), and their X-ray spectra are extremely obscured. We find that both $L_{2-10\rm keV}$, and $L_{\rm AGN}$ correlates strongly with the molecular outflow velocity as well as the mass outflow rates ($\dot{M}_{\rm out}$), implying that the central AGN plays an important role in driving these massive outflows. However, we also find statistically significant positive correlations between the starburst emission and MO mass outflow rate, $L_{\rm Starburst}$ vs $\dot{M}_{\rm out}$, and $L_{0.6-2\rm keV}$ vs $\dot{M}_{\rm out}$, which implies that starbursts can generate and drive the molecular outflows. The correlations of MO velocity and $\dot{M}_{\rm out}$ with AGN luminosities are found to be stronger compared to those with the starburst luminosities. We conclude that both starbursts and AGN play crucial role in driving the large scale MO.

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