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arXiv 1809.02419astro-ph.SR
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星前核到原星核的化学演化:一个考虑体扩散和光子穿透的新多相模型

The Chemical Evolution from Prestellar to Protostellar Cores: A New Multiphase Model With Bulk Diffusion and Photon Penetration

Yang Lu, Qiang Chang, Yuri Aikawa

摘要:

我们研究了坍缩核心的化学演化过程,坍缩核心从流体静力学核心开始,最终形成低质量原恒星。新的多相气体-颗粒模型,包括体扩散和光子渗透的宏观蒙特卡罗方法模拟,以获得化学演化。在新的多相模型中,冰体中有两种类型的物种。间隙物种可以在自己的升华温度下扩散和升华,而正常物种则被锁在冰体中。冰物种的光解率降低的指数衰减的UV通量内的冰地幔。两相模型和基本的多相模型没有体扩散和光子穿透也进行了模拟比较。我们对坍缩核的物理模型是基于一维辐射流体力学模型。在新的多相模型中,在10 K左右产生了丰富的冰基。间隙自由基可以在冰幔内部扩散,在升温时形成复杂的有机分子(COMS)。因此,在新的多相模型中,在较高温度下通过自由基复合产生的COM比两相和基本多相模型中的COM高出一个数量级以上。此外,在新的多相模型中,在10 K左右产生的COM比两相模型中的COM高约一个数量级。我们的模型显示了一个合理的协议,对低质量的原恒星的观测。此外,我们的新的多相模型预测的分子氧丰度同意相当不错的彗星物质中发现的。

英文摘要:

We investigate the chemical evolution of a collapsing core that starts from a hydrostatic core and finally form a low-mass protostar. New multiphase gas-grain models that include bulk diffusion and photon penetration are simulated by the macroscopic Monte Carlo method in order to derive the chemical evolution. There are two types of species in the ice bulk in the new multiphase models. Interstitial species can diffuse and sublime at their own sublimation temperatures while normal species are locked in the ice bulk. Photodissociation rates of icy species are reduced by the exponential decay of UV flux within the ice mantle. Two-phase models and basic multiphase models without bulk diffusion and photon penetration are also simulated for comparison. Our physical model for the collapsing core is base on a one-dimensional radiation hydrodynamics model. Abundant icy radicals are produced at around 10 K in the new multiphase models. Interstitial radicals can diffuse inside ice mantles to form complex organic molecules (COMS) upon warming-up. Thus, COMs produced by radical recombination at higher temperatures in the new multiphase models are more than one order of magnitude higher than those in the two-phase and basic multiphase models. Moreover, COMs produced at around 10 K in the new multiphase models are about one order of magnitude higher than those in the two-phase model. Our model shows a reasonable agreement with observations toward low-mass protostars. Moreover, molecular oxygen abundances predicted by our new multiphase models agree reasonably well with that found in cometary materials.

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