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arXiv 1808.09704cond-mat.mes-hall
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$^{28}$硅基纯交换自旋量子比特中的泄漏和退相

Leakage and dephasing in $^{28}$Si-based exchange-only spin qubits

Arnau Sala, Jeroen Danon

摘要:

托管在基于$^{28}$的三重量子点中的仅交换自旋量子位不遭受由随机波动的核自旋系综引起的退相干,并且当在最佳点操作时可以相对鲁棒地对抗电噪声。退相干的剩余来源是量子比特弛豫,量子比特子空间的泄漏,以及由于电荷噪声的残余效应而引起的退相,其中后两个是这项工作的重点。我们研究了自旋-轨道介导的三自旋基态电子的泄漏率,并发现三种机制以及两种泄漏率对外加磁场$B$的不同幂律依赖性,从$\propto B^5$到$\propto B^{11}$,并确定了最佳点作为最小泄漏点。我们还重新审视了电噪声在甜蜜点的作用,并表明它会导致相干量子位振荡的衰减,遵循幂律$\propto 1/t$(而不是更常见的指数衰减),并引入了$π/2$相移。

英文摘要:

Exchange-only spin qubits hosted in $^{28}$Si-based triple quantum dots do not suffer from decoherence caused by randomly fluctuating nuclear-spin ensembles and can be relatively robust against electrical noise when operated at a sweet spot. Remaining sources of decoherence are qubit relaxation, leakage out of the qubit subspace, and dephasing due to residual effects of charge noise, the latter two of which are the focus of this work. We investigate spin-orbit-mediated leakage rates to the three-spin ground state accompanied by virtual (i) tunneling, (ii) orbital excitation, and (iii) valley excitation of an electron. We find different power-law dependencies on the applied magnetic field $B$ for the three mechanisms as well as for the two leakage rates, ranging from $\propto B^5$ to $\propto B^{11}$, and identify the sweet spot as a point of minimal leakage. We also revisit the role of electrical noise at the sweet spot, and show that it causes a decay of coherent qubit oscillations that follows a power law $\propto 1/t$ (as opposed to the more common exponential decay) and introduces a $π/2$ phase shift.

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