E. V. Arbuzova
Some problems of spontaneous and gravitational baryogenesis are discussed. Gravity modification due to the curvature dependent term in gravitational baryogensis scenario is considered. It is shown that the interaction of baryonic fields with the curvature scalar leads to strong instability of the gravitational equations of motion and as a result to noticeable distortion of the standard cosmology.
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We study the gravitational baryogenesis mechanism for generating baryon asymmetry in the context of running vacuum models. Regardless if these models can produce a viable cosmological evolution, we demonstrate that they produce a non-zero baryon-to-entropy ratio even if the universe is filled with conformal matter. This is a sound difference between the running vacuum gravitational baryogenesis and the Einstein-Hilbert one, since in the latter case, the predicted baryon-to-entropy ratio is zero. We consider two well known and most used running vacuum models and show that the resulting baryon-t…
Spontaneous and closely related to it gravitational baryogenesis are critically analyzed. It is shown that the coupling of the curvature scalar to baryonic current, which induces nonzero baryonic asymmetry of the universe, simultaneously leads to higher order gravitational equations, which have exponentially unstable solutions. It is shown that this instability endangers the standard cosmology.
We describe a possible scenario for the baryogenesis arising when matter is added on the branes of a Randall-Sundrum model with a radion stabilizing potential. We show that the radion field can naturally induce spontaneous baryogenesis when the cosmological evolution for the matter on the branes is taken into account.
Spontaneous symmetry breaking is the foundation of electroweak unification and serves as an integral part of the model building beyond the standard model of particle physics and it also finds interesting applications in the late Universe. We review development related to obtaining the late cosmic acceleration from spontaneous symmetry breaking in the Universe at large scales. This phenomenon is best understood through Ginzburg-Landau theory of phase transitions which we briefly describe. Hereafter, we present elements of spontaneous symmetry breaking in relativistic field theory. We then discu…
We investigate how baryogenesis can occur by the presence of an $f(T)$-related gravitational term. We study various cases of $f(T)$ gravity and we discuss in detail the effect of the novel terms on the baryon-to-entropy ratio. Additionally, we study the constraints imposed by the observational values of the baryon-to-entropy ratio and we discuss how more generalized cosmologies can contribute successfully, in a viable and consistent way, in the gravitational baryogenesis mechanism.
The coupling of baryonic current to the derivative of the curvature scalar, $R$, inherent to gravitational baryogenesis (GBG), leads to a fourth order differential equation of motion for $R$ instead of the algebraic one of General Relativity (GR). The fourth-order differential equation is generically unstable. We consider a possible mechanism of stabilization of GBG by modification of gravity, introducing an $R^2$-term into the canonical action of GR. It is shown that this mechanism allows for stabilization of GBG with bosonic and fermionic baryon currents. We have established the region of th…
Vector-field spontaneous baryogenesis with Lorentz invariance violation
本文提出通过矢量场的自发破缺实现重子生成，结合洛伦兹对称性违反，通过伪Nambu-Goldstone玻色子产生重子不对称性，并预测无质量费米子的非零混合因子。
We study baryogenesis in effective field theories where a $\mathrm{U}(1)_{ B-L}$-charged scalar couples to gravity via curvature invariants. We analyze the general possibilities in such models, noting the relationships between some of them and existing models, such as Affleck-Dine baryogenesis. We then identify a novel mechanism in which $\mathrm{U}(1)_{ B-L}$ can be broken by couplings to the Gauss-Bonnet invariant during inflation and reheating. Using analytic methods, we demonstrate that this mechanism provides a new way to dynamically generate the net matter-anti-matter asymmetry observed …
The derivative coupling of baryonic current to the curvature scalar in gravitational baryogenesis scenarios leads to higher order equations for gravitational field. It is shown that these equations are strongly unstable and destroy standard cosmology. This is a generalization of our earlier results obtained for scalar baryons to realistic fermions.
We have studied the gravitational baryogenesis in f(R) theory of gravity with an anisotropic Bianchi I space-time. The matter field is considered to be that of perfect fluid. Two models pertaining to specific form of Ricci scalar have been presented. The baryon-to-entropy ratio has been derived with the some specific form of Ricci scalar in the anisotropic background. The gravitational baryogenesis is examined and its behaviors are studied.
We consider the imbalance of matter and antimatter by using a gravitational baryogenesis mechanism in the background of Dvali-Gabadadze-Porrati (DGP) brane cosmology. By taking into account a flat Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) metric in the DGP brane model, we find that for a radiation dominated universe, $w = 1/3$, the ratio of baryon number density to entropy from the gravitational baryogenesis is not zero, contrary to ordinary general relativity. Also, we study the ratio of baryon number density to entropy against the observational constraints in DGP cosmology.
Impact of a complex scalar spectator field on baryon asymmetry within spontaneous baryogenesis
本文在自发重子生成框架中引入与暴胀场最小耦合、与 Ricci 曲率非最小耦合的复标量旁观者场，通过半经典方法求解运动方程并计算衰变振幅，得到对标准自发重子生成的一阶修正，并分析了宇宙膨胀及费米子质量混合的影响。
The interaction between Ricci scalar curvature and the baryon number current, dynamically breaks CPT in an expanding universe and leads to baryon asymmetry. Using this kind of interaction and study the gravitational baryogenesis in the Bianchi type I universe. We find out the effect of anisotropy of the universe on the baryon asymmetry for the case which the equation of state parameter, $ω$, is dependent to time.
We show that in the vacuum inflation model, the gravitational baryogenesis mechanism will produce the baryon asymmetry. We analyze the evolution of entropy and baryon number in the vacuum inflation model. The comparison between dilution speed and the chemical potential may give a natural interpretation for decouple temperature of the gravitational baryogenesis interaction. From the result, the mechanism can give acceptable baryon-to-entropy ratio in the vacuum inflation model.
We investigate how the gravitational baryogenesis mechanism can potentially constrain the form of a Type IV singularity. Specifically, we study two different models with interesting phenomenology, that realize two distinct Type IV singularities, one occurring at the end of inflation and one during the radiation domination era or during the matter domination era. As we demonstrate, the Type IV singularities occurring at the matter domination era or during the radiation domination era, are constrained by the gravitational baryogenesis, in such a way so that these do not render the baryon to entr…
Baryogenesis driven by curvature effects is investigated by taking into account gravitationally induced particle production in the very early Universe. In our scenario, the baryon asymmetry is generated dynamically during an inflationary epoch powered by ultra-relativistic particles. The adiabatic particle production rate provides both the needed negative pressure to accelerate the radiation dominated Universe and a non-zero chemical potential which distinguishes baryons and anti-baryons thereby producing a baryon asymmetry in agreement with the observed value. Reciprocally, the present day as…
The article communicates gravitational baryogenesis in non-minimal $f(T)$ gravity and $f(T,B)$ teleparallel gravity where $T$ denote the torsion scalar and $B$ a boundary term. These extended teleparallel theories of gravity differ from the usual $f(T)$ gravity and therefore could provide key insights in expounding the baryon asymmetry of the universe. Furthermore, such a study also put constraints on the model parameters of these extended teleparallel theory of gravity. I present different baryogenesis interactions proportional to $\partial_{i}T$, $\partial_{i}f(T)$, $\partial_{i}(T+B)$ and $…
Loop Quantum Cosmology is an appealing quantum completion of classical cosmology, which brings along various theoretical features which in many cases offer remedy or modify various classical cosmology aspects. In this paper we address the gravitational baryogenesis mechanism in the context of Loop Quantum Cosmology. As we demonstrate, when Loop Quantum Cosmology effects are taken into account in the resulting Friedmann equations for a flat Friedmann-Robertson-Walker Universe, then even for a radiation dominated Universe, the predicted baryon-to-entropy ratio from the gravitational baryogenesis…
Large anisotropies in the gravitational wave background from baryogenesis
本文研究Affleck-Dine重子生成中Q-ball诱发引力波背景的大尺度各向异性，指出非高斯重子等曲率扰动调制Q-ball分布可产生约化角功率谱约10^{-2}的显著各向异性，并可由LISA等未来实验探测，从而为揭示CP破坏动力学和重子不对称起源提供新途径。
In this work we intend to address the matter-antimatter asymmetry via the gravitational baryogenesis mechanism in the background of a quantum theory of gravity. We investigate this mechanism under the framework of Ho$\check{r}$ava-Lifshitz gravity. We will compute the baryon-to-entropy ratio in the chosen framework and investigate its physical viability against the observational bounds. We also conduct the above study for various sources of matter like scalar field and Chaplygin gas as specific examples. We speculate that quantum corrections from the background geometry will lead to interestin…
Consequences of non-minimal coupling for mass mixing in spontaneous baryogenesis
本文在自发重子生成框架中引入曲率与暴胀子间的非最小汤川耦合，证明其通过增加暴胀子质量促进费米子对衰变，从而增强重子生成，并进一步分析了质量混合与宇宙膨胀的影响。
In this letter we study some variant forms of gravitational baryogenesis by using higher order terms containing the partial derivative of the Gauss-Bonnet scalar coupled to the baryonic current. This scenario extends the well known theory that uses a similar coupling between the Ricci scalar and the baryonic current. One appealing feature of the scenario we study is that the predicted baryon asymmetry during a radiation domination era is non-zero. We calculate the baryon to entropy ratio for the Gauss-Bonnet term and by using the observational constraints we investigate which are the allowed f…
The gravitational baryogensis may not generate a sufficient baryon asymmetry in the standard thermal history of the Universe when we take into account the gravitino problem. Hence it has been suggested that anisotropy of the Universe can enhance the generation of the baryon asymmetry through the increase of the time change of the Ricci scalar curvature. We study the gravitational baryogenesis in the presence of anisotropy, which is produced at the end of an anisotropic inflation. Although we confirm that the generated baryon asymmetry is enhanced compared with the original isotropic cosmologic…
Modification of gravity due to the curvature dependent term in the gravitational baryogenesis scenario is considered. It is shown that this term leads to the fourth order differential equation of motion for the curvature scalar instead of the algebraic one of General Relativity (GR). The fourth order gravitational equations are generically unstable with respect to small perturbations. Non-linear in curvature terms may stabilize the solution but the magnitude of the stabilized curvature scalar would be much larger than that dictated by GR, so the standard cosmology would be strongly distorted.
Impact of spectator fields and non-minimal couplings in spontaneous baryogenesis
本文研究了自发质子生成模型，考虑了两种背景范式的扩展。首先，引入了引力与 inflaton 之间的非最小耦合，增加了后者的有效质量平方。这使得在再加热期间，inflaton 更可能衰变成费米子-反费米子对，通过违反质子数的过程。从而获得了与宇宙观测一致的质子不对称性。然后，考虑了一个与 inflaton 通过双二次耦合相互作用的复标量 spectator field，并非最小地与引力耦合，分析了其对质子不对称性生成的影响。在此场景中，背景模型结果显著增强，但预测的质子-熵比仍小于实验数据。
On the Role of Cosmological Gravitational Particle Production in Baryogenesis
本文利用 Bogoliubov 方法研究引力粒子产生框架下的重子不对称性，表明低重加热温度下 GUT 重子产生可在广泛共形耦合范围内成功，并给出轻子产生所需的温度与右手中微子质量约束。
Gravitational Baryogenesis in Rainbow Gauss-Bonnet gravity
研究彩虹高斯-博内引力中的引力重子生成，推导高曲率和微扰区域重子与熵比的解析表达式，确定高斯-博内贡献在辐射时期产生非零不对称性，找到能重现观测重子与熵比的可行参数空间。
The coupling between Ricci scalar curvature and the baryon number current dynamically breaks CPT in an expanding universe and leads to baryon asymmetry. We study the effect of time dependence of equation of state parameter of the FRW universe on this asymmetry.
We propose a new mechanism for electroweak baryogenesis based on gravitational waves generated by helical magnetic fields that are present during a first order electroweak phase transition. We generate a net lepton number through the gravitational chiral anomaly which appears due to the chiral gravitational waves produced by these magnetic fields. The observed value of baryon asymmetry can be obtained in our mechanism within parameter space of scenarios with an inverse cascade evolution for magnetic fields which can also be candidates for large-scale magnetic fields.
Hawking evaporation of primordial black holes (PBHs) can facilitate the generation of matter-antimatter asymmetry. We focus on ultra-low mass PBHs that briefly dominate the universe and evaporate before the big bang nucleosynthesis. We propose a novel test of this scenario by detecting its characteristic doubly peaked gravitational wave (GW) spectrum in future GW observatories. Here the first order adiabatic perturbation from inflation and from the isocurvature perturbations due to PBH distribution, source tensor perturbations in second-order and lead to two peaks in the induced GW background.…
The baryogenesis presents the theoretical mechanism that describes the matter-antimatter asymmetry in the history of early universe. In this work, we investigate the gravitational baryogenesis phenomena in the frameworks of $f(T, T_G)$ (where $T$ and $T_G$ are the torsion scalar and teleparallel equivalent to the Gauss-Bonnet term respectively) and $f(T, B)$ (where $B$ denotes the boundary term between torsion and Ricci scalar) gravities. For $f(T,T_G)$-gravity, we consider two generic power law models while logarithmic and general Taylor expansion models for $f(T,B)$-gravity. We consider powe…
We report on the first joint analysis of observational signatures from the electroweak baryogenesis in both gravitational wave (GW) detectors and particle colliders. With an effective extension of the Higgs sector in terms of the dimension-6 operators, we derive a strong first-order phase transition in associated with a sizable CP violation to realize a successful electroweak baryogenesis. We calculate the GW spectrum resulting from the bubble nucleation, plasma transportation, and magnetohydrodynamic turbulence of this process that occurred after the big bang, and find that it yields GW signa…
Spontaneous baryogenesis and generation of gravitational waves in a new model of quintessential $α$-attractor
研究典型$\alpha$-吸引子暴胀模型中$\alpha$参数对自发重子生成和引力波产生的作用，发现$0.28\leq\alpha\leq0.30$符合实验要求，小$\alpha$值有利于统一暴胀、重子生成、典型性和引力波。
We here propose a mechanism that predicts, at early times, both baryon asymmetry and dark matter origin and that recovers the spontaneous baryogenesis during the reheating. Working with $U(1)$-invariant quark $Q$ and lepton $L$ effective fields, with an interacting term that couples the evolution of Universe's environment field $ψ$, we require a spontaneous symmetry breaking and get a pseudo Nambu-Goldstone boson $θ$. The pseudo Nambu-Goldstone boson speeds the Universe up during inflation, playing the role of inflaton, enabling baryogenesis to occur. Thus, in a quasi-static approximation over…
Constraining $f(T,\mathcal{T})$ Gravity with Gravitational Baryogenesis
本文利用引力重子生成机制约束基于挠率的广义修正引力理论 $f(T,\mathcal{T})$ 引力，考察不同拉格朗日形式对重子生成的影响，并利用重子-熵比观测值约束额外自由度。
Gravitational Baryogenesis in Extended Proca-Nuevo Gravity
本文在扩展Proca-Nuevo引力框架下研究早期宇宙引力重子生成，针对幂律、指数和修正指数三种标度因子求解修正场方程并计算重子与熵之比，证明该比值与观测约束一致，表明EPN引力可解释物质-反物质不对称性。
The mechanism of gravitational baryogenesis, based on the CPT-violating gravitational interaction between the derivative of the Ricci scalar curvature and the baryon-number current, is investigated in the context of the Gauss-Bonnet braneworld cosmology. We study the constraints on the fundamental five-dimensional gravity scale, the effective scale of B-violation and the decoupling temperature, for the above mechanism to generate an acceptable baryon asymmetry during the radiation-dominated era. The scenario of gravitational leptogenesis, where the lepton-number violating interactions are asso…
The gravitational baryogenesis plays an important role in the study of the baryon asymmetry. However, the original mechanism of gravitational baryogenesis in the radiation dominated era leads to the asymmetry factor $η$ is equal to zero, which indicates this mechanism may not generate a sufficient baryon asymmetry for the standard cosmological model. In this manuscript, we investigate the gravitational baryogenesis for the generation of baryon asymmetry in the early Universe by using an new higher-order generalized uncertainty principle (GUP). It is demonstrated that the entropy and Friedman e…
We propose a novel mechanism for production of baryonic asymmetry in the early Universe. The mechanism takes advantage of the strong first order phase transition that produces runaway bubbles in the hidden sector that propagate almost without friction with ultra-relativistic velocities. Collisions of such bubbles can non-thermally produce heavy particles that further decay out-of-equilibrium into the SM and produce the observed baryonic asymmetry. This process can proceed at the very low temperatures, providing a new mechanism of post-sphaleron baryogenesis. In this paper we present a fully ca…
We study the spontaneous baryogenesis scenario in the early universe for three different frameworks of varying constants theories. We replace the constants by dynamical scalar fields playing the role of thermions. We first obtain the results for baryogenesis driven by the varying gravitational constant, $G$, as in the previous literature, then challenge the problem for varying fine structure constant $α$ models as well as for varying speed of light $c$ models. We show that in each of these frameworks the current observational value of the baryon to entropy ratio, $η_B \sim 8.6 \cdot 10^{-11}$,…
Probing baryogenesis with gravitational waves
本研究通过低能新物理实现Affleck-Dine重子生成机制，并利用引力波探测其产生的参数共振效应，揭示了引力波探测与实验室粒子物理研究的互补性。
Ultralight primordial black holes (PBHs)($\lesssim10^9$g) completely evaporate via Hawking radiation (HR) and produce all the particles in a given theory regardless of their other interactions. If the right handed (RH) neutrinos are produced from PBH evaporation, successful baryogenesis via leptogenesis predicts mass scale of RH neutrinos as well as black holes. We show that, given the lepton number violation (generation of RH neutrino masses) in the theory is a consequence of a gauged $U(1)$ breaking which is then followed by the formation of PBHs, a network of cosmic strings naturally gives …
Gravitational baryogenesis in $f(T,L_m)$ gravity
本文在$f(T,L_m)$引力框架下探索重力重子生成，通过耦合torsion和物质拉格朗日量，在高能范围内解释重子不对称性，同时保持与广义相对论的一致性。
One of the biggest puzzles in modern cosmology is the observed baryon asymmetry in the universe. In current models of baryogenesis gravity plays a secondary role, although the process is believed to have happened in the early universe, under the influence of an intense gravitational field. In the present work we resume Sakharov's original program for baryogenesis and propose a central role for gravity in the process. This is achieved through a non-minimal coupling (NMC) between the gravitational field and both the strong interaction field and the quark fields. When in action, the present mecha…
Viability Constraints on Baryogenesis in f (R, Lm, T) Gravity
本研究在f(R, Lm, T)引力框架下探究引力重子生成，通过线性模型考察宇宙不同时期的参数约束，所得重子-熵比与观测值相符，为解释宇宙物质失衡提供了相容的理论基础。
We show that in theories with nonminimal curvature-matter couplings up to first order in the curvature, baryon number (B) conservation and CP are automatically violated, provided that the curvature scalar and its gradient do not vanish. Together with the associated gravitationally induced particle creation in a cosmological framework, which is an essentially out-of-equilibrium process, this implies that all of Sakharov's conditions are satisfied in the simplest extension of General Relativity, without the need of CPT violation. Here, derivatives of the curvature can be disregarded, thus evadin…
The gravitational baryogenesis and a new higher-order extended uncertainty principle with parameter adaptability for the minimum length
本研究提出一种对正负形变参数均能保持最小长度的新型高阶扩展不确定原理（EUP），修正Friedmann方程并结合引力重子生成理论解释宇宙重子不对称性，同时利用天文观测约束形变参数范围。
Energy conditions and gravitational baryogenesis in $f(R, {\cal R})$ gravity
本研究在$f(R, {\cal R})$混合引力框架下分析能量条件，发现特定模型的强能量条件可被破坏以解释宇宙加速膨胀，并进一步探讨该混合引力对早期辐射主导宇宙中引力重子生成过程的潜在作用。
This paper is devoted to the reproduction of the gravitational baryogenesis epoch in the context of $f(R, T)$ theory of gravity, where $R$ and $T$ are respectively the curvature scalar and the trace of the energy-momentum tensor, respectively. It is assumed a minimal coupling between matter and gravity. In particular we consider the following two models, $f(R,T) = R +αT + βT^2$ and $f(R,T) = R+ μR^2 + λT$, with the assumption that the universe is filled by dark energy and perfect fluid where the baryon to entropy ratio during a radiation domination era is non-zero. We constrain the models with…
Constraining the Lorentz-Violating Bumblebee Vector Field with Big Bang Nucleosynthesis and Gravitational Baryogenesis
该研究通过大爆炸核合成和重子生成时期的观测数据，约束了洛伦兹破缺的大黄蜂矢量场的真空期望值和演化参数，从而限制了洛伦兹破缺的幅度与背景场的演化速率。
A decade ago, the first leptogenesis model based on inflation was proposed, where the complex phase of the inflaton field carries lepton number. If the inflaton field is an axion, it can couple to gravitational waves and gauge fields via. Chern-Simons invariants. Due to these couplings, birefringent gravitational and gauge primordial perturbations are created during inflation to generate a lepton asymmetry, establishing a possible connection between non-vanishing TB-parity violating polarization cross-correlations and leptogenesis. We also discuss the prospect for a subset of these models can …
Scalar-tensor baryogenesis: a scalar-tensor completion of gravitational baryogenesis
该研究提出了一种基于引力标量的标量-张量重子生成模型，通过引力场的非对称性产生重子不对称性，并在修正引力框架下实现了与自发重子生成相似的描述。
Gravitational baryogenesis beyond the spectator approximation
本文研究引力重子生成中旁观者近似的局限性，推导了引力-物质耦合变分问题的场方程，并讨论了重子生成过程中有效引力耦合的时间依赖性。
Gravitational baryogenesis in $F(R)$ gravity's rainbow
该研究提出在$F(R)$引力的彩虹框架下，通过R导数与质子电流相互作用生成质子不对称性，结合量子引力修正解释宇宙质子不对称性。
Baryogenesis in $f(R,L_m)$ gravity
本文在$f(R,L_m)$引力理论框架内考察特定模型，重现引力重子生成时期，发现该引力理论能显著且稳定地对引力重子生成现象做出贡献。
Gravitational Baryogenesis Constraints on Nojiri-Odintsov $f(R)$ Gravity
本文在Nojiri-Odintsov $f(R)$引力框架下，通过引力重子生成机制研究物质与反物质不平衡，考察三种$f(R)$模型并约束参数，证明其能产生与观测数据一致的重子-熵比率。
A novel mechanism of baryogenesis is proposed on the basis of the phase transition from the conformal invariant space-time to the Einstein space-time in quantum gravity. Strong-coupling gravitational excitations with dynamical mass about 10^17 GeV are generated at the transition. They eventually decay into ordinary matters. As a realization of unparticle physics we show that the low energy effective interactions between the gravitational potential describing the excitation and the non-conserving matter currents by the axial anomalies can explain matter asymmetry out of thermal equilibrium.
Baryogenesis in $R^2$-Higgs Inflation: the Gravitational Connection
本文研究$R^2$-Higgs暴胀模型中的重子生成，通过引入六维CP破坏项产生螺旋超磁场，在电弱过渡期间创造观测到的物质-反物质不对称性，并分析了费米子反作用的影响。
The role of the auxiliary scalar field $ϕ$ of Brans-Dicke theory played in baryon number asymmetry is discussed in this paper. We consider a derivative coupling of this gravitational scalar field to the baryon current ${J^μ}_B$ or the current of the baryon number minus lepton number ${J^μ}_{B-L}$ based on a series of works of R. Morganstern about the Brans-Dicke cosmology. We find that the spontaneous baryogenesis by this coupling is capable to yield a sufficient baryon asymmetry $n_B/s\sim 10^{10} $ for the time of the grand unification is in a little advanced. In addition, Davoudiasl et al h…
Constraining Zero-Point Length from Gravitational Baryogenesis
本文通过观测重子不对称性数据，约束了零点长度l₀，揭示其对早期宇宙热力学和宇宙膨胀的影响。
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