arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 1808.05096cs.CY
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我们重视您的隐私.现在来看看Cookie:测量GDPR对网络隐私的影响

We Value Your Privacy ... Now Take Some Cookies: Measuring the GDPR's Impact on Web Privacy

Martin Degeling, Christine Utz, Christopher Lentzsch, Henry Hosseini, Florian Schaub, Thorsten Holz

摘要:

欧盟《通用数据保护条例》(GDPR)于2018年5月25日生效。其隐私条例适用于在欧洲收集或处理个人数据的任何服务和公司。许多公司不得不调整其数据处理流程、同意书和隐私政策,以符合GDPR的透明度要求。我们通过分析GDPR对欧盟所有28个成员国的热门网站的影响来监测这一罕见事件。对于每个国家,我们定期检查其500个最受欢迎的网站-总共6,579个-以了解其隐私政策的存在和更新。虽然许多网站已经有了隐私政策,但我们发现在一些国家/地区,截至2018年5月25日,多达15.7%的网站添加了新的隐私政策,导致84.5%的网站有隐私政策。72.6%的现有隐私政策的网站在接近该日期时进行了更新。最明显的是,欧洲62.1%的网站现在显示Cookie同意通知,比2018年1月增加了16%。这些通知告知用户网站的cookie使用和用户跟踪做法。我们对所有观察到的Cookie同意通知进行了分类,并评估了16种常见的Cookie同意技术实现。我们的分析表明,核心网络安全机制(如同源策略)对根据GDPR规则实施同意带来了问题,并且选择退出第三方cookie需要第三方合作。总体而言,我们的结论是,GDPR正在使网络更加透明,但仍然缺乏功能和可用的机制,供用户同意或拒绝在互联网上处理其个人数据。

英文摘要:

The European Union's General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) went into effect on May 25, 2018. Its privacy regulations apply to any service and company collecting or processing personal data in Europe. Many companies had to adjust their data handling processes, consent forms, and privacy policies to comply with the GDPR's transparency requirements. We monitored this rare event by analyzing the GDPR's impact on popular websites in all 28 member states of the European Union. For each country, we periodically examined its 500 most popular websites - 6,579 in total - for the presence of and updates to their privacy policy. While many websites already had privacy policies, we find that in some countries up to 15.7 % of websites added new privacy policies by May 25, 2018, resulting in 84.5 % of websites having privacy policies. 72.6 % of websites with existing privacy policies updated them close to the date. Most visibly, 62.1 % of websites in Europe now display cookie consent notices, 16 % more than in January 2018. These notices inform users about a site's cookie use and user tracking practices. We categorized all observed cookie consent notices and evaluated 16 common implementations with respect to their technical realization of cookie consent. Our analysis shows that core web security mechanisms such as the same-origin policy pose problems for the implementation of consent according to GDPR rules, and opting out of third-party cookies requires the third party to cooperate. Overall, we conclude that the GDPR is making the web more transparent, but there is still a lack of both functional and usable mechanisms for users to consent to or deny processing of their personal data on the Internet.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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