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arXiv 1809.08396cs.CRcs.CLcs.CY
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GDPR之后的隐私政策前景

The Privacy Policy Landscape After the GDPR

University of Wisconsin(威斯康星大学);École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne(洛桑联邦理工学院)

Thomas Linden, Rishabh Khandelwal, Hamza Harkous, Kassem Fawaz

摘要:

欧盟《通用数据保护条例》(GDPR)是有史以来最严格、最全面的隐私法规之一。在它生效一年后,我们研究了它对在线隐私政策的影响。我们在GDPR前后对隐私政策进行了首次纵向、深入和大规模的评估。我们评估这些策略的完整消费周期,从第一次用户印象到合规评估。我们创建了一个多样化的语料库,包含欧盟内外的两套6,278个独特的英语隐私政策,涵盖其GDPR之前和之后的版本。我们的测试和分析结果表明,GDPR已经成为欧盟内外隐私政策重大改革的催化剂。这一政策的彻底改革,体现在广泛的文本变化,特别是对欧盟网站,对用户的好处好坏参半。虽然隐私政策变得相当长,但我们对Amazon MTurk上的470名参与者进行的用户研究表明,从用户的角度来看,欧盟网站的隐私政策的视觉表示有了显着的改进。我们进一步开发了一个新的工作流程,用于自动评估隐私政策中的要求。使用此工作流程,我们表明隐私政策涵盖了更多的数据实践,并且与GDPR后的七项合规要求更加一致。我们还通过执行特异性分析来评估组织在隐私实践方面的透明度。在这项分析中,我们发现了GDPR引发的积极变化的证据,平均特异性水平有所提高。尽管如此,我们发现隐私政策的格局仍处于过渡阶段;许多政策仍然不符合GDPR的几个关键要求,或者其覆盖范围的改善伴随着特定性的降低。

英文摘要:

The EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) is one of the most demanding and comprehensive privacy regulations of all time. A year after it went into effect, we study its impact on the landscape of privacy policies online. We conduct the first longitudinal, in-depth, and at-scale assessment of privacy policies before and after the GDPR. We gauge the complete consumption cycle of these policies, from the first user impressions until the compliance assessment. We create a diverse corpus of two sets of 6,278 unique English-language privacy policies from inside and outside the EU, covering their pre-GDPR and the post-GDPR versions. The results of our tests and analyses suggest that the GDPR has been a catalyst for a major overhaul of the privacy policies inside and outside the EU. This overhaul of the policies, manifesting in extensive textual changes, especially for the EU-based websites, comes at mixed benefits to the users. While the privacy policies have become considerably longer, our user study with 470 participants on Amazon MTurk indicates a significant improvement in the visual representation of privacy policies from the users' perspective for the EU websites. We further develop a new workflow for the automated assessment of requirements in privacy policies. Using this workflow, we show that privacy policies cover more data practices and are more consistent with seven compliance requirements post the GDPR. We also assess how transparent the organizations are with their privacy practices by performing specificity analysis. In this analysis, we find evidence for positive changes triggered by the GDPR, with the specificity level improving on average. Still, we find the landscape of privacy policies to be in a transitional phase; many policies still do not meet several key GDPR requirements or their improved coverage comes with reduced specificity.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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