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arXiv 1808.05055cond-mat.soft
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倾斜湿颗粒层的冲击塌陷

Impact-induced collapse of an inclined wet granular layer

S. Takizawa, H. Niiya, T. Tanabe, H. Nishimori, H. Katsuragi

摘要:

由某种扰动触发的倾斜粘性颗粒层的坍塌不仅可以是地球上滑坡的模型,也可以是小行星表面地形松弛的模型。为了了解这样的地形动力学,我们进行了一系列的实验固体弹丸的影响到倾斜的湿颗粒层与各种含水量和倾斜角度。因此,我们发现两种类型的结果:“陨石坑形成”和“崩溃”。当倾斜角接近最大稳定角且湿颗粒层底部的冲击振动足够强时,可以观察到“塌陷”阶段。为了解释崩溃条件,我们提出了一个简单的块模型,考虑最大稳定角,倾角,和冲击引起的振动加速度。此外,衰减传播的冲击引起的振动加速度估计的基础上的三维数值模拟与离散元方法使用干颗粒。通过结合湿颗粒实验和干颗粒模拟,我们发现,冲击引起的加速度在空间各向异性衰减。借助于这种衰减形式,可以使用块体模型来估计诱发崩塌的物理条件。

英文摘要:

The collapse of an inclined cohesive granular layer triggered by a certain perturbation can be a model for not only landslides on Earth but also relaxations of asteroidal surface terrains. To understand such terrain dynamics, we conduct a series of experiments of a solid-projectile impact onto an inclined wet granular layer with various water contents and inclination angles. As a result, we find two types of outcomes: "crater formation" and "collapse". The "collapse" phase is observed when the inclination angle is close to the maximum stable angle and the impact-induced vibration at the bottom of wet granular layer is sufficiently strong. To explain the collapse condition, we propose a simple block model considering the maximum stable angle, inclination angle, and impact-induced vibrational acceleration. Additionally, the attenuating propagation of the impact-induced vibrational acceleration is estimated on the basis of three-dimensional numerical simulations with discrete element method using dry particles. By combining wet-granular experiments and dry-granular simulations, we find that the impact-induced acceleration attenuates anisotropically in space. With a help of this attenuation form, the physical conditions to induce the collapse can be estimated using the block model.

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