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arXiv 1807.07334astro-ph.GA
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S255IR-NIRS3中甲醇脉泽的巨爆发

Giant burst of methanol maser in S255IR-NIRS3

Marian Szymczak, Mateusz Olech, Paweł Wolak, Eric Gérard, Anna Bartkiewicz

摘要:

内容:高质量年轻恒星天体(HMYSO)可以经历吸积事件,强烈影响恒星演化,盘的动力学及其化学演化。最近报道的甲醇脉泽发射的异常爆发可能是深埋HMYSO吸积事件的观测特征。目的:分析2015-2016年爆发期间S255 IR-NIRS 3中6.7 GHz甲醇脉泽的光变曲线。方法:利用托伦32米射电望远镜,以5d为平均采样间隔,获得8.5 a的监测数据。增加了档案数据,将时间序列延长到约27年。结果:自发现以来的23年中,脉泽发射在月到年的时间尺度上表现出中等(25-30%)的变化。主爆发前总通量密度在一年内增加2.5倍,然后在约0.4年内增加10倍,在连续的2.4年内减少8倍。峰值脉泽亮度比爆发前的静止值高24.5倍。个别特征的光变曲线显示出相当大的差异,但表明了一个总的趋势,即在蓝移(<4.7 km s $^{-1}$)速度下,红移发射迅速增长,在速度>5.8 km s $^{-1}$时出现新的发射特征。这个新的发射提供了约80%的贡献,脉泽亮度周围的峰值爆发。结论:脉泽爆发的起始与由光回波运动估计的红外爆发的起始完全一致。这有力地支持了微波激射跃迁的辐射泵浦方案。脉泽亮度的增长是实现脉泽反转的气体体积增加的结果。

英文摘要:

Context: High-mass young stellar objects (HMYSOs) can undergo accretion episodes that strongly affect the star evolution, the dynamics of the disk, and its chemical evolution. Recently reported extraordinary bursts in the methanol maser emission may be the observational signature of accretion events in deeply embedded HMYSOs. Aims: We analyze the light curve of 6.7 GHz methanol masers in S255IR-NIRS3 during the 2015-2016 burst. Methods: 8.5-year monitoring data with an average sampling interval of 5 days were obtained with the Torun 32 m radio telescope. Archival data were added, extending the time series to ~27 years. Results: The maser emission showed moderate (25-30%) variability on timescales of months to years over ~23 years since its discovery. The main burst was preceded by a one-year increase of the total flux density by a factor of 2.5, then it grew by a factor of 10 over ~0.4 years and declined by a factor of 8 during the consecutive 2.4 years. The peak maser luminosity was a factor of 24.5 higher than the pre-burst quiescent value. The light curves of individual features showed considerable diversity but indicated a general trend of suppression of the maser emission at blueshifted (<4.7 km s$^{-1}$) velocities when the redshifted emission rapidly grew and new emission features appeared at velocities >5.8 km s$^{-1}$. This new emission provided a contribution of about 80% to the maser luminosity around the peak of the burst. Conclusions: The onset of the maser burst exactly coincides with that of the infrared burst estimated from the motion of the light echo. This strongly supports the radiative pumping scheme of the maser transition. The growth of the maser luminosity is the result of an increasing volume of gas where the maser inversion is achieved.

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