We construct polynomial automorphisms with wandering Fatou components. The four-dimensional automorphisms $H$ lie in a one-parameter family, depending on the parameter $δ\in \mathbb C \setminus \{0\}$, and as $δ\rightarrow 0$ the automorphisms degenerate to the two-dimensional polynomial map $P$ constructed in Astorg et al (Ann. of Math., 2016). Our main result states that if $P$ has a wandering domain, then $H$ does too for $δ$ sufficiently small.
This dissertation entitled "Fatou's No Wandering Domain Conjecture : Sullivan's Proof" contains a comprehensive study of the Dynamical Partition of the Riemann Sphere and a complementary analysis of the work done by Dennis Sullivan.
We prove that there exist three transcendental entire functions that have infinite number of domains which lie in the wandering component of each of these functions and their composites. This result is a generalization of the result of Dinesh Kumar, Gopal Datt and Sanjay Kumar. In particular, they proved that there exist two transcendental entire functions that have infinite number of domains which lie in the wandering components of each of these functions and their composites.
We study the dynamics of polynomials with coefficients in a non-Archimedean field $K,$ where $K$ is a field containing a dense subset of algebraic elements over a discrete valued field $k.$ We prove that every wandering Fatou component is contained in the basin of a periodic orbit. We obtain a complete description of the new Julia set points that appear when passing from $K$ to the Berkovich line over $K$. We give a dynamical characterization of polynomials having algebraic Julia sets. More precisely, we establish that a polynomial with algebraic coefficients has algebraic Julia set if every c…
We show a partial generalization of Sullivan's non-wandering domain theorem in complex dimension two. More precisely, we show the non-existence of wandering Fatou components for polynomial skew products of $ \mathbb{C}^2$ with an invariant attracting fiber, under the assumption that the multiplier $ λ$ is small. We actually show a stronger result, namely that every forward orbit of any vertical Fatou disk intersects a bulging Fatou component.
We will study perturbations of the polynomials $P_λ$, of the form $$Q_λ= P_λ+Q$$ in the space of centered monic polynomials, where $P_λ$ is the polynomial family defined by $$P_λ(z)=\fracλ{p}z^p+(1-\fracλ{p}) z ^{p+1}$$ with $λ\in Λ= \{z: |z-1| <1\}$, studied by Benedetto, who showed that for a dense set of parameters, the polynomials $P_λ$ have a wandering disc contained in the filled Julia set. We will show an analogous result for the family $Q_λ$, obtaining the following consequence: The polynomials $P_λ$ belong to $\bar{\mathrm{E}}_{p+1}$ where $\mathrm{E}_{p+1}$ denotes the set of polynom…
We show that there exist polynomial endomorphisms of C^2, possessing a wandering Fatou component. These mappings are polynomial skew-products, and can be chosen to extend holomorphically of P^2(C). We also find real examples with wandering domains in R^2. The proof is based on parabolic implosion techniques, and is based on an original idea of M. Lyubich.
Little is known about the existence of wandering Fatou components for rational maps in two complex variables. In 2003 Lilov proved the non-existence of wandering Fatou components for polynomial skew-products in the neighborhood of an invariant super-attracting fiber. In fact Lilov proved a stronger result, namely that the forward orbit of any vertical disk must intersect a fattened Fatou component of the invariant fiber. Naturally the next class of maps to study are polynomial skew-products with an invariant attracting (but not super-attracting) fiber. Here we show that Lilov's stronger result…
We prove several results concerning the relative position of points in the postsingular set $P(f)$ of a meromorphic map $f$ and the boundary of a Baker domain or the successive iterates of a wandering component. For Baker domains we answer a question of Mihaljević-Brandt and Rempe-Gillen. For wandering domains we show that if the iterates $U_n$ of such a domain have uniformly bounded diameter, then there exists a sequence of postsingular values $p_n$ such that ${\rm dist}(p_n,\partial U_n)\to 0$ as $n\to \infty$. We also prove that if $U_n \cap P(f)=\emptyset$ and the postsingular set of $f$ l…
We prove that there exists a non-trivial transcendental semigroup S such that the wandering (or pre-periodic or periodic) components of Fatou set F(S) has at least a simply connected domain D.
Iteration of the function $f_λ(z)=λ+ z+\tan z, z \in \mathbb{C}$ is investigated in this article. It is proved that for every $λ$, the Fatou set of $f_λ$ has a completely invariant Baker domain $B$; we call it the primary Fatou component. The rest of the results deals with $f_λ$ when it is topologically hyperbolic. For all real $λ$ or $λ$ such that $ λ=πk +i λ_2$ for some integer $k$ and $0 < λ_2<1$, the only other Fatou component is shown to be another completely invariant Baker domain. It is proved that if $|2+λ^2|<1$, then the Fatou set is the union of $B$ and infinitely many invariant attr…
We investigate the existence of wandering Fatou components for polynomial skew-products in two complex variables. In 2004 the non-existence of wandering domains near a super-attracting invariant fiber was shown in [8]. In 2014 it was shown in [1] that wandering domains can exist near a parabolic invariant fiber. In [9] the geometrically-attracting case was studied, and we continue this study here. We prove the non-existence of wandering domains for subhyperbolic attracting skew products; this class contains the maps studied in [9]. Using expansion properties on the Julia set in the invariant f…
We study the iteration of transcendental self-maps of $\mathbb{C}^*:=\mathbb{C}\setminus \{0\}$, that is, holomorphic functions $f:\mathbb{C}^*\to\mathbb{C}^*$ for which both zero and infinity are essential singularities. We use approximation theory to construct functions in this class with escaping Fatou components, both wandering domains and Baker domains, that accumulate to $\{0,\infty\}$ in any possible way under iteration. We also give the first explicit examples of transcendental self-maps of $\mathbb{C}^*$ with Baker domains and with wandering domains. In doing so, we developed a suffic…
Let $P$ be a polynomial of degree $d$ with Julia set $J_P$. Let $\widetilde N$ be the number of non-repelling cycles of $P$. By the famous Fatou-Shishikura inequality $\widetilde N\le d-1$. The goal of the paper is to improve this bound. The new count includes \emph{wandering collections of non-precritical branch continua}, i.e., collections of continua or points $Q_i\subset J_P$ \emph{all} of whose images are pairwise disjoint, contain no critical points, and contain the limit sets of $\mathrm{eval}(Q_i)\ge 3$ external rays. Also, we relate individual cycles, which are either non-repelling or…
We prove that the Euclidean ball can be realized as a Fatou component of a holomorphic automorphism of $\mathbb{C}^m$, in particular as the escaping and the oscillating wandering domain. Moreover, the same is true for a large class of bounded domains, namely for all bounded regular open sets $Ω\subset \mathbb{C}^m$ whose closure is polynomially convex. Our result gives in particular the first example of a bounded Fatou component with a smooth boundary in the category of holomorphic automorphisms.
In this paper, we prove that the ratio of the modulus of the iterates of two points in an escaping Fatou component may be bounded even if the orbit of the component contains an infinite modulus annulus sequence and this case cannot happen when the maximal modulus of the meromorphic function is large enough. Therefore, we extend the related results for entire functions to ones for meromorphic functions with infinitely many poles. And we investigate the fast escaping Fatou components of meromorphic functions defined in [44] in terms of the Nevanlinna characteristic instead of the maximal modulus…
We examine invariant nonrecurrent Fatou components of automorphisms of $\mathbb{C}^2$ in the case where all limit maps are constant. We show that except in special cases there cannot be more than one such limit map. We also briefly examine such Fatou components where the limit maps may be nonconstant. Lastly we present a few examples of such Fatou components.
We prove that there exists an automorphism of C^2 tangent to the identity with a domain of attraction to the origin, biholomorphic to the origin, along a degenerate characteristic direction.
We investigate the description of Fatou components for polynomial skew-products in two complex variables. The non-existence of wandering domains near a super-attracting invariant fiber was shown in [L], and the geometrically-attracting case was studied in [PV] and [PS]. In [ABDPR] it was proven that wandering domains can exist near a parabolic invariant fiber. In this paper we study the remaining case, namely the dynamics near an elliptic invariant fiber. We prove that the two-dimensional Fatou components near the elliptic invariant fiber correspond exactly to the Fatou components of the restr…
We construct automorphisms of $\mathbb{C}^2$, and more precisely transcendental Hénon maps, with an invariant escaping Fatou component which has exactly two distinct limit functions, both of (generic) rank 1. We also prove a general growth lemma for the norm of points in orbits belonging to invariant escaping Fatou components for automorphisms of the form $F(z,w)=(g(z,w),z)$ with $g(z,w):\mathbb{C}^2\rightarrow\mathbb{C}$ holomorphic.
We generalise a recent example by F. Bracci, J. Raissy and B. Stensønes to construct automorphisms of $\mathbb{C}^{d}$ admitting an arbitrary finite number of non-recurrent Fatou components, each biholomorphic to $\mathbb{C}\times(\mathbb{C}^{*})^{d-1}$ and all attracting to a common boundary fixed point. These automorphisms can be chosen such that each Fatou component is invariant or such that the components are grouped into periodic cycles of any common period. We further show that no orbit in these attracting Fatou components can converge tangent to a complex submanifold, and that every sta…
This paper is devoted to establish sufficient conditions under which a transcendental meromorphic function has no unbounded Fatou components and to extend some results for entire functions to meromorphic functions. Actually, we shall mainly discuss non-existence of unbounded wandering domains of a meromorphic function. The case for a composition of finitely many meromorphic function with at least one of them being transcendental can be also investigated in the argument of this paper.
Let $f$ be a transcendental entire function and $U$ be a Fatou component of $f$. We show that if $U$ is an escaping wandering domain of $f$, then most boundary points of $U$ (in the sense of harmonic measure) are also escaping. In the other direction we show that if enough boundary points of $U$ are escaping, then $U$ is an escaping Fatou component. Some applications of these results are given; for example, if $I(f)$ is the escaping set of $f$, then $I(f)\cup\{\infty\}$ is connected.
The dynamics of transcendental functions in the complex plane has received a significant amount of attention. In particular much is known about the description of Fatou components. Besides the types of periodic Fatou components that can occur for polynomials, there also exist so-called Baker domains, periodic components where all orbits converge to infinity, as well as wandering domains. In trying to find analogues of these one dimensional results, it is not clear which higher dimensional transcendental maps to consider. In this paper we find inspiration from the extensive work on the dynamics…
We show that wandering domains can exist in the Fatou set of a polynomial type quasiregular mapping of the plane. We also give an example of a quasiregular mapping of the plane, with an essential singularity at infinity, which has a sequence of wandering domains contained in a bounded part of the plane. This contrasts with the situation in the analytic case, where wandering domains are impossible for polynomials and, for transcendental entire functions, the existence of wandering domains in a bounded part of the plane has been an open problem for many years.
A question whether sufficiently regular manifold automorphisms may have wandering domains with controlled geometry is answered in the negative for quasiconformal or smooth homeomorphisms of $n$-tori, $n\ge2$, and hyperbolic surfaces. Besides control on geometry of wandering domains, the assumptions are either analytic, e.g., minimal sets having measure zero or supporting invariant conformal structures, or geometric, such as uniform relative separation of wandering domains.
In 2001 E. Ghys, X. Gomez-Mont and J. Saludes defined the Fatou and Julia components of transversely holomorphic foliations on compact manifolds. It is a partition of the manifold in two saturated sets: the Fatou set which represents the non-chaotic part of the foliation and its complementary, the Julia set. Using the Brownian motion transverse to the foliation, it is proved in this paper that, if the foliation is taut and if F is a wandering component of the Fatou set, then almost every point of the topological boundary of F (almost for any harmonic measure on the boundary) is a limit point o…
We prove the existence of automorphisms of $\mathbb C^k$, $k\ge 2$, having an invariant, non-recurrent Fatou component biholomorphic to $\mathbb C \times (\mathbb C^\ast)^{k-1}$ which is attracting, in the sense that all the orbits converge to a fixed point on the boundary of the component. Such a Fatou component also avoids $k$ analytic discs intersecting transversally at the fixed point. As a corollary, we obtain a Runge copy of $\mathbb C \times (\mathbb C^\ast)^{k-1}$ in $\mathbb C^k$.
This survey is an introduction to the classification of Fatou components in holomorphic dynamics. We start with the description of the Fatou and Julia sets for rational maps of the Riemann sphere, and finish with an account of the recent results on Fatou components for polynomial skew-products in complex dimension two, where we focus on the key steps in the construction giving the existence of a wandering domain for a polynomial endomorphism of $\mathbb{C}^2$.
We prove the existence of a locally dense set of real polynomial automorphisms of C 2 displaying a wandering Fatou component; in particular this solves the problem of their existence, reported by Bedford and Smillie in 1991. These Fatou components have non-empty real trace and their statistical behavior is historical with high emergence. The proof is based on a geometric model for parameter families of surface real mappings. At a dense set of parameters, we show that the dynamics of the model displays a historical, high emergent, stable domain. We show that this model can be embedded into fami…
We describe conditions under which a multiply connected wandering domain of a transcendental meromorphic function with a finite number of poles must be a Baker wandering domain, and we discuss the possible eventual connectivity of Fatou components of transcendental meromorphic functions. We also show that if $f$ is meromorphic, $U$ is a bounded component of $F(f)$ and $V$ is the component of $F(f)$ such that $f(U)\subset V$, then $f$ maps each component of $\partial U$ onto a component of the boundary of $V$ in $\hat{\C}$. We give examples which show that our results are sharp; for example, we…
Let K be a non-archimedean field with residue field k, and suppose that k is not an algebraic extension of a finite field. We prove two results concerning wandering domains of rational functions f in K(z) and Rivera-Letelier's notion of nontrivial reduction. First, if f has nontrivial reduction, then assuming some simple hypotheses, we show that the Fatou set of f has wandering components by any of the usual definitions of such components. Second, we show that if k has characteristic zero and K is discretely valued, then the converse holds; that is, the existence of a wandering domain implies …
We consider rational surface automorphisms with positive entropy. A Fatou component is said to be a rotation domain if the automorphism induces a torus action on it. Here we construct a rational surface automorphism with positive entropy with the following property: it has a rotation domain which contains both a curve of fixed points and isolated fixed points. This Fatou component cannot be imbedded into complex euclidean space, so we introduce a global linear model space and show that it can be globally linearized in this model.
The dynamical behaviour of a transcendental entire function in any periodic component of the Fatou set is well understood. Here we study the dynamical behaviour of a transcendental entire function $f$ in any multiply connected wandering domain $U$ of $f$. By introducing a certain positive harmonic function $h$ in $U$, related to harmonic measure, we are able to give the first detailed description of this dynamical behaviour. Using this new technique, we show that, for sufficiently large $n$, the image domains $U_n=f^n(U)$ contain large annuli, $C_n$, and that the union of these annuli acts as …
We show the existence of automorphisms $F$ of $\mathbb{C}^{2}$ with a non-recurrent Fatou component $Ω$ biholomorphic to $\mathbb{C}\times\mathbb{C}^{*}$ that is the basin of attraction to an invariant entire curve on which $F$ acts as an irrational rotation. We further show that the biholomorphism $Ω\to\mathbb{C}\times\mathbb{C}^{*}$ can be chosen such that it conjugates $F$ to a translation $(z,w)\mapsto(z+1,w)$, making $Ω$ a parabolic cylinder as recently defined by L.~Boc Thaler, F.~Bracci and H.~Peters. $F$ and $Ω$ are obtained by blowing up a fixed point of an automorphism of $\mathbb{C}…
Suppose that $f$ is a transcendental entire function, $V \subsetneq \mathbb{C}$ is a simply connected domain, and $U$ is a connected component of $f^{-1}(V)$. Using Riemann maps, we associate the map $f \colon U \to V$ to an inner function $g \colon \mathbb{D} \to \mathbb{D}$. It is straightforward to see that $g$ is either a finite Blaschke product, or, with an appropriate normalisation, can be taken to be an infinite Blaschke product. We show that when the singular values of $f$ in $V$ lie away from the boundary, there is a strong relationship between singularities of $g$ and accesses to inf…
The purpose of this article is to explore a few properties of polynomial shift-like automorphisms of $\mathbb{C}^k.$ We first prove that a $ν-$shift-like polynomial map (say $S_a$) degenerates essentially to a polynomial map in $ν-$dimensions as $a \to 0.$ Secondly, we show that a shift-like map obtained by perturbing a hyperbolic polynomial (i.e., $S_a$, where $|a|$ is sufficiently small) has finitely many Fatou components, consisting of basins of attraction of periodic points and the component at infinity.
