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arXiv 1807.01211cond-mat.soft
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微型游泳者的聚集:形状与流体动力学的相互作用

Clustering of microswimmers: Interplay of shape and hydrodynamics

Mario Theers, Elmar Westphal, Kai Qi, Roland G. Winkler, Gerhard Gompper

AI总结:

本研究通过介观流体动力学模拟长球体微型游泳者(squirmers),发现流体动力学相互作用对球形和拉长粒子的运动诱导相分离(MIPS)分别起抑制和增强作用,揭示了形状与流体动力学在活性粒子聚集中的复杂影响。

摘要:

活性自驱动粒子系统的时空动力学由推进机制与各种直接相互作用(如空间位阻排斥、流体动力学和化学场)共同控制。然而,这些直接相互作用通常是各向异性的,并具有不同的“类型”,例如空间位阻排斥中的球形和拉长粒子形状,流体动力学中的推流和拉流场等。各种因素的组合预计会带来新的涌现行为。然而,形状和流体动力学究竟是协同还是拮抗地产生运动诱导聚集(MIC)和相分离(MIPS),这并不显而易见。我们采用准二维约束下的长球体微型游泳者模型(称为squirmers),通过介观流体动力学模拟来解决这一问题。为了进行比较,我们考虑了非流体动力学的活性布朗粒子(ABPs),以阐明流体动力学相互作用对MIC和MIPS的贡献。对于球形粒子,ABP和流体动力学squirmer系综之间的比较揭示了流体动力学相互作用对MIPS的抑制。ABPs和squirmers之间的根本差异归因于squirmers在碰撞过程中受到流体动力学扭矩引起的重定向增加。相比之下,对于拉长的squirmers,流体动力学相互作用增强了MIPS。因此,流体动力学相互作用对球形和拉长微型游泳者的MIPS表现出相反的效应。

英文摘要:

The spatiotemporal dynamics in systems of active self-propelled particles is controlled by the propulsion mechanism in combination with various direct interactions, such as steric repulsion, hydrodynamics, and chemical fields. Yet, these direct interactions are typically anisotropic, and come in different 'flavors', such as spherical and elongated particle shapes for steric repulsion, pusher and puller flow fields for hydrodynamics, etc. The combination of the various aspects is expected to lead to new emergent behavior. However, it is a priori not evident whether shape and hydrodynamics act synergistically or antagonistically to generate motility-induced clustering (MIC) and phase separation (MIPS). We employ a model of prolate spheroidal microswimmers - called squirmers - in quasi-two-dimensional confinement to address this issue by mesoscale hydrodynamic simulations. For comparison, non-hydrodynamic active Brownian particles (ABPs) are considered to elucidate the contribution of hydrodynamic interactions on MIC and MIPS. For spherical particles, the comparison between ABP and hydrodynamic-squirmer ensembles reveals a suppression of MIPS due to hydrodynamic interactions. The fundamental difference between ABPs and squirmers is attributed to an increased reorientation of squirmers by hydrodynamic torques during their collisions. In contrast, for elongated squirmers, hydrodynamics interactions enhance MIPS. Thus, hydrodynamic interactions show opposing effects on MIPS for spherical and elongated microswimmers.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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