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arXiv 1806.07586cs.DS
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用NC算法计算三次平面图中两条不相交的最短路

Counting Shortest Two Disjoint Paths in Cubic Planar Graphs with an NC Algorithm

Andreas Björklund, Thore Husfeldt

摘要:

给定一个无向图和两个不相交的顶点对$s_1,t_1$和$s_2,t_2$,最短两条不相交路问题(S2DP)要求分别连接$s_1$和$t_1$以及$s_2$和$t_2$的两条顶点不相交路的最小总长度.我们表明,对于三次平面图有NC算法,多项式的大小和polylogarithmic深度的统一电路,计算S2DP,而且还输出这样的最小长度路径对的数量。以前,据我们所知,没有确定性的多项式时间算法是已知的S2DP在立方平面图与任意放置的终端。相比之下,Björklund和Husfeldt在ICALP 2014中提出的随机多项式时间算法,对于一般图来说要慢得多,本质上是串行的,并且不能计算解。我们的结果是建立在Hirai和Namba的一种方法上的,用于S2DP的推广,以及用于计算平面图中完美匹配的快速算法。

英文摘要:

Given an undirected graph and two disjoint vertex pairs $s_1,t_1$ and $s_2,t_2$, the Shortest two disjoint paths problem (S2DP) asks for the minimum total length of two vertex disjoint paths connecting $s_1$ with $t_1$, and $s_2$ with $t_2$, respectively. We show that for cubic planar graphs there are NC algorithms, uniform circuits of polynomial size and polylogarithmic depth, that compute the S2DP and moreover also output the number of such minimum length path pairs. Previously, to the best of our knowledge, no deterministic polynomial time algorithm was known for S2DP in cubic planar graphs with arbitrary placement of the terminals. In contrast, the randomized polynomial time algorithm by Björklund and Husfeldt, ICALP 2014, for general graphs is much slower, is serial in nature, and cannot count the solutions. Our results are built on an approach by Hirai and Namba, Algorithmica 2017, for a generalisation of S2DP, and fast algorithms for counting perfect matchings in planar graphs.

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