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arXiv 1806.06299cs.FLcs.CC
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查找前缀码的短同步字

Finding Short Synchronizing Words for Prefix Codes

Andrew Ryzhikov, Marek Szykuła

摘要:

本文研究了给定前缀码的最短同步字及其长度问题。这在两种不同的设置中完成:当代码由识别其星形的任意解码器定义时,以及当代码由其文字解码器定义时(其大小多项式地等于代码中所有字的总长度)。对于第一种情况,我们证明了$\varepsilon > 0$-不可逼近的可识别的二元极大前缀码,$Θ(\log n)$ -不可逼近的有限二元极大前缀码和$n^{\frac{1}{2} - \varepsilon}$ -不可逼近的有限二元前缀码。这里的$c$ -不可逼近性是指在假设P $\ne$ NP的情况下不存在$c$ -逼近多项式时间算法,而$n$是指输入中解码器的状态数。对于第二种情况,我们提出了近似算法和精确算法,并推测对于有限极大前缀码,问题可以在多项式时间内解决。我们还研究了相关的问题,找到一个最短的凡人和最短的避免字。

英文摘要:

We study the problems of finding a shortest synchronizing word and its length for a given prefix code. This is done in two different settings: when the code is defined by an arbitrary decoder recognizing its star and when the code is defined by its literal decoder (whose size is polynomially equivalent to the total length of all words in the code). For the first case for every $\varepsilon > 0$ we prove $n^{1 - \varepsilon}$-inapproximability for recognizable binary maximal prefix codes, $Θ(\log n)$-inapproximability for finite binary maximal prefix codes and $n^{\frac{1}{2} - \varepsilon}$-inapproximability for finite binary prefix codes. By $c$-inapproximability here we mean the non-existence of a $c$-approximation polynomial time algorithm under the assumption P $\ne$ NP, and by $n$ the number of states of the decoder in the input. For the second case, we propose approximation and exact algorithms and conjecture that for finite maximal prefix codes the problem can be solved in polynomial time. We also study the related problems of finding a shortest mortal and a shortest avoiding word.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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