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arXiv 1806.02573astro-ph.EP
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高性能大气辐射程序包:应用于巨行星的辐射能量收支

A High-performance Atmospheric Radiation Package: with applications to the radiative energy budgets of giant planets

Cheng Li, Tianhao Le, Xi Zhang, Yuk L. Yung

摘要:

为研究多重散射的行星大气,研制了一套高性能大气辐射包(HARP)。HARP是一个用C++编写的开源程序,它利用了高级数据结构和并行计算算法。它具有三个方面的共性。首先,模型大气廓线的构建是通用的。该程序既可以考虑大气廓线,也可以考虑云和由于凝结而释放的潜热,构建绝热热和成分廓线。其次,不透明度的计算是通用的,基于逐线分子跃迁和列表连续数据,以及作为加速能量通量计算的选项提供的相关k不透明度表。第三,辐射转移方程的求解器的选择是通用的。求解器在程序中不是硬连线的。相反,基于目的,可以选择各种辐射转移求解器来与大气模型和不透明度模型耦合。我们使用该程序来研究太阳系中所有四颗巨行星的辐射加热和冷却速率。我们的木星的结果与以前的出版物是一致的。土星在加热速率和冷却速率之间有一个近乎完美的平衡。天王星的辐射通量最小,因为缺乏甲烷及其光化学产物。天王星和海王星都在平流层遭受严重的能量赤字。讨论了解决这一问题的可能途径。最后,我们重新计算了所有四颗巨行星大气的辐射时间常数,发现传统的值(Conrath BJ,Gierasch PJ,Leroy SS.外行星平流层的温度和环流。Icar 1990;83:255-81)被显著高估。

英文摘要:

A High-performance Atmospheric Radiation Package (HARP) is developed for studying multiple-scattering planetary atmospheres. HARP is an open-source program written in C++ that utilizes high-level data structure and parallel-computing algorithms. It is generic in three aspects. First, the construction of the model atmospheric profile is generic. The program can either take in an atmospheric profile or construct an adiabatic thermal and compositional profile, taking into account the clouds and latent heat release due to condensation. Second, the calculation of opacity is generic, based on line-by-line molecular transitions and tabulated continuum data, along with a table of correlated-k opacity provided as an option to speed up the calculation of energy fluxes. Third, the selection of the solver for the radiative transfer equation is generic. The solver is not hardwired in the program. Instead, based on the purpose, a variety of radiative transfer solvers can be chosen to couple with the atmosphere model and the opacity model. We use the program to investigate the radiative heating and cooling rates of all four giant planets in the Solar System. Our Jupiter's result is consistent with previous publications. Saturn has a nearly perfect balance between the heating rate and cooling rate. Uranus has the least radiative fluxes because of the lack of CH4 and its photochemical products. Both Uranus and Neptune suffer from a severe energy deficit in their stratospheres. Possible ways to resolve this issue are discussed. Finally, we recalculate the radiative time constants of all four giant planet atmospheres and find that the traditional values from (Conrath BJ, Gierasch PJ, Leroy SS. Temperature and Circulation in the Stratosphere of the Outer Planets. Icar. 1990;83:255-81) are significantly overestimated.

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