The observation of a pulsar closely orbiting the galactic center supermassive black hole would open the window for an accurate determination of the black hole parameters and for new tests of General Relativity. An important relativistic effect which has to be taken into account in the timing model is the propagation delay of the pulses in the gravitational field of the black hole. Due to the extreme mass ratio of the pulsar and the supermassive back hole we use the test particle limit to derive an exact analytical formula for the propagation delay in a Schwarzschild spacetime. We then compare this result to the propagation delays derived in the usually employed post-Newtonian approximation, in particular to the Shapiro delay up to the second post-Newtonian order. For edge-on orbits we also consider modifications of the Shapiro delay which take the lensing effects into account. Our results are then used to assess the accuracy of the different orders of the post-Newtonian approximation of the propagation delay. This comparison indicates that for (nearly) edge-on orbits the new exact delay formula should be used.
A Realistic Pulsar -- Supermassive Black Hole Timing Model
Peking University(北京大学);Kavli Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics, Peking University(北京大学科维理天文与天体物理研究所);National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences(中国科学院国家天文台)
Granular mass perturbations on the pulsar - supermassive black hole system
Peking University(北京大学);Kavli Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics, Peking University(北京大学科维理天文与天体物理研究所);Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie(马克斯·普朗克射电天文研究所);National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences(中国科学院国家天文台)
Observability of gravitational waves excited by binary stars orbiting around a supermassive black hole by space-based gravitational wave observatory
School of Physics and Electronic Information, Weifang University(潍坊学院物理与电子信息学院);School of Physics and Technology, University of Jinan(济南大学物理科学与技术学院);School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University(武汉大学物理科学与技术学院)
A Multimessenger Search for the Supermassive Black Hole Binary in 3C 66B with the Parkes Pulsar Timing Array
Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute)(马克斯·普朗克引力物理研究所(爱因斯坦研究所));Leibniz Universität Hannover(汉诺威莱布尼茨大学);International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research, Curtin University(科廷大学国际射电天文研究中心);Hunan Normal University(湖南师范大学);Monash University(蒙纳士大学);Australia Telescope National Facility, CSIRO, Space and Astronomy(澳大利亚望远镜国家设施,CSIRO空间与天文部门)
The properties of the first continuous gravitational waves: Optimizing pulsar timing observations for supermassive black hole binary detection
School of Physics, The University of Melbourne(墨尔本大学物理学院);OzGrav: The ARC Centre of Excellence for Gravitational Wave Discovery(引力波发现ARC卓越中心);School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University(蒙纳士大学物理与天文学院)
Reading signatures of supermassive binary black holes in pulsar timing array observations
Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute)(马克斯·普朗克引力物理学研究所(阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦研究所));IISER Bhopal(印度科学教育研究院博帕尔分校);FORTH Institute of Astrophysics(基础与研究赫尔茨学会天体物理研究所);ASTRON, Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy(荷兰射电天文研究所);Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences(中国科学院上海天文台);Trinity College Dublin(都柏林三一学院)
CENTRA, Departamento de Física, Instituto Superior Técnico – IST Universidade de Lisboa – UL(里斯本理工大学高级技术学院物理系中心);Departamento de Física Fundamental, Universidad de Salamanca(萨拉曼卡大学基础物理系);Insituto Universitario de Física Fundamental y Matemáticas (IUFFyM), Universidad de Salamanca(萨拉曼卡大学基础物理与数学研究所)
Constraining the origin of the nanohertz gravitational-wave background by pulsar timing array observations of both the background and individual supermassive binary black holes
A Joint Optimal Search for Gravitational Waves from Resolved and Unresolved Supermassive Binary Black Holes with Pulsar Timing Arrays
Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute)(马克斯·普朗克引力物理研究所(爱因斯坦研究所));Leibniz Universität Hannover(汉诺威莱布尼茨大学);School of Natural Sciences, Institute for Advanced Study(普林斯顿高等研究院自然科学学院)
On the complementarity of pulsar timing and space laser interferometry for the individual detection of supermassive black hole binaries
脉冲星定时阵列(PTA)和空间激光干涉测量(SLI)都是研究超大质量黑洞双星(SMBHB)产生的引力波的目标。先前已经提出了一种可能性,即首先由PTA跟踪单个SMBHB,通过inspiral,然后由SLI跟踪单个SMBHB,直到合并和振铃。虽然边界参数是由当前的PTA或即将到来的平方公里阵列(SKA),并由新的引力观测站(NGO),来自激光干涉仪空间天线(LISA),本文还讨论了顺序检测超出特定的项目限制。我们考虑PTA-SKA,它的灵敏度从10^(-9)到p x 10^(-7)Hz(p=4,8),以及SLI,它的工作频率从s x 10^(-5)到1 Hz(s = 1,3)。在2 x 10^(8)- 2 x 10^(9)太阳质量范围内的SMBHB(质量被归一化为(1+z)因子,红移位于z = 0.2和z=1.5之间)从PTA-SKA移动到SLI带的时间从2个月到50年不等。通过结合三个超大质量黑洞(SMBH)的主机关系与三个吸积处方,九个天体物理方案形成。然后,他们涉及到三个级别的脉冲星定时残差(50,5,1纳秒),产生27例。对于1 ns的残差,顺序检测概率永远不会优于4.7 x 10^(-4)y^(-2)或3.3 x 10^(-6)y^(-2)(按合并前每年和调查年计算),分别按最佳和最差天体物理设想计算;换句话说,这意味着每46年或550年进行一次连续检测,时间与合并的最长时…
The Heavy Tailed Non-Gaussianity of the Supermassive Black Hole Gravitational Wave Background
Laboratory of High Energy and Computational Physics, NICPB(高能计算物理实验室,NICPB);Tallinn University of Technology(塔林理工大学);Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università degli Studi di Padova(帕多瓦大学物理与天文学系);Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova(意大利国家核物理研究所帕多瓦分部)
Spin and mass of the nearest supermassive black hole
围绕吸积黑洞的热等离子体斑点或团块的准周期振荡(QPO)包含了关于黑洞质量和自旋的信息。吸积流中亮点的纬向振荡频率和黑洞事件视界旋转的频率是测量黑洞质量和自旋的有希望的观测特征。这两个频率都与吸积模型无关,完全由黑洞引力场的性质定义。借助吸积等离子体热点的信号调制对已知的QPO数据进行解释,揭示了银河系中心超大质量黑洞的克尔度规旋转参数$a=0.65\pm0.05$和质量$M=(4.2\pm0.2)10^6M_\odot$。同时,将观测到的11.5 min QPO周期分别与黑洞事件视界旋转周期和吸积流热点纬向振荡周期相对应.所描述的方法是适用于黑洞的吸积率低,吸积等离子体是透明的事件视界区域。
Pulsar timing array signals induced by black hole binaries in relativistic eccentric orbits
非圆轨道上的单个超大质量黑洞双星可能是快速成熟的脉冲星定时阵列实验的纳赫兹引力波源。我们发展了一种精确有效的方法来计算脉冲星定时阵列信号,由于引力波从吸入相对论偏心轨道的超大质量黑洞双星。我们的方法采用开普勒型参数解模型的第三后牛顿精确进动偏心轨道,而一个新的半解析处方提供了模型的四极阶引力波发射的影响。这些输入导致一个半解析的处方来模拟这样的信号,引起的非自旋黑洞二进制沿任意偏心率轨道螺旋。此外,我们提供了一个完整的分析处方模型脉冲星定时阵列信号从黑洞二进制沿适度偏心轨道吸气,Boetzelet等人的影响。[Phys. Rev. D 96,044011(2017)]。这些方法正在被纳入企业和TEMPO 2搜索脉冲星定时阵列数据集中存在这样的二进制文件。
Red noise and evolving signals: a complete frequentist approach to supermassive black hole binary searches with pulsar timing arrays
Huazhong University of Science and Technology(华中科技大学);Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute)(马克斯·普朗克引力物理研究所(爱因斯坦研究所));Leibniz Universität Hannover(汉诺威莱布尼茨大学);University of Texas Rio Grande Valley(德克萨斯里奥格兰德河谷大学);IIT Hyderabad(印度理工学院海德拉巴分校)