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arXiv 1503.02662gr-qcastro-ph.HE
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用脉冲星计时约束最后秒差距问题的解

Constraining the Solution to the Last Parsec Problem with Pulsar Timing

Laura Sampson, Neil J. Cornish, Sean T. McWilliams

摘要:

利用脉冲星计时阵列(PTAs)探测到许多螺旋形超大质量黑洞叠加的随机引力波信号可能会在未来十年内发生。通过这次探测,我们将有机会了解通过黑洞双星系统对引力波谱的影响来驱动黑洞双星系统合并的过程。我们使用贝叶斯方法来研究在何种程度上可以区分使用PTA观测引力波发射以外的影响。我们表明,即使在没有检测,这是可能的,把这些动力学效应的保守预测的人口紧密结合的超大质量黑洞二进制有趣的约束。例如,如果我们假设一个相对较弱的信号与少量的束缚双星和较低的黑洞质量与星系质量的相关性相一致,我们仍然发现,模拟阵列的探测不到,在几年内实际上应该达到的灵敏度,不利于引力波主导的演化,优势比为$\sim$ 30:1。这样的发现表明,要么所有现有的天体物理模型的人口紧密结合的双星过于乐观,否则,一些动力学效应以外的引力波发射实际上是占主导地位的双演化,即使在相对较高的频率/小轨道间距探测的PTA。

英文摘要:

The detection of a stochastic gravitational-wave signal from the superposition of many inspiraling supermassive black holes with pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) is likely to occur within the next decade. With this detection will come the opportunity to learn about the processes that drive black-hole-binary systems toward merger through their effects on the gravitational-wave spectrum. We use Bayesian methods to investigate the extent to which effects other than gravitational-wave emission can be distinguished using PTA observations. We show that, even in the absence of a detection, it is possible to place interesting constraints on these dynamical effects for conservative predictions of the population of tightly bound supermassive black-hole binaries. For instance, if we assume a relatively weak signal consistent with a low number of bound binaries and a low black-hole-mass to galaxy-mass correlation, we still find that a non-detection by a simulated array, with a sensitivity that should be reached in practice within a few years, disfavors gravitational-wave-dominated evolution with an odds ratio of $\sim$30:1. Such a finding would suggest either that all existing astrophysical models for the population of tightly bound binaries are overly optimistic, or else that some dynamical effect other than gravitational-wave emission is actually dominating binary evolution even at the relatively high frequencies/small orbital separations probed by PTAs.

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