arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2007.07725astro-ph.SRastro-ph.HEgr-qc
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用射电望远镜约束稠密物质状态方程

Constraining the dense matter equation-of-state with radio pulsars

Huanchen Hu, Michael Kramer, Norbert Wex, David J. Champion, Marcel S. Kehl

摘要:

射电望远镜为我们理解超核密度的物质提供了一些最重要的限制。到目前为止,这些约束主要是由精确的质量测量的中子星(NS)。通过结合两个质量最大的天体J 0348 $+$ 0432和J 0740 $+$ 6620的单个测量,得到的最大NS质量的下限为1.98 $M_\odot$(99%置信度),排除了大量的状态方程(EOS)。进一步的状态方程的限制,补充其他方法,可能来自测量的转动惯量(MOI)的相对论轨道的双星。双脉冲星PSR J 0737 $-$ 3039 A/B是首次通过脉冲星计时测量MOI的最有前途的系统。回顾这种方法,特别是基于双脉冲星的第一次MeerKAT观测,我们提供了充分的预测到未来的模拟定时观测与MeerKAT和SKA。在分析中,我们第一次考虑了自旋下降的质量损失。我们的研究结果表明,到2030年,MOI测量的准确度为11%(置信度为68%)。然而,如果到2030年,EOS足够为人所知,我们发现双脉冲星将允许7%的Lense-Thirring进动测试,或者提供GR中次领先阶引力波阻尼的$\sim3σ$测量。我们证明,轨道周期短于双脉冲星的双NS系统的潜在新发现,有望在以下方面取得重大进展:这些测量和对NS的约束很重要。

英文摘要:

Radio pulsars provide some of the most important constraints for our understanding of matter at supranuclear densities. So far, these constraints are mostly given by precision mass measurements of neutron stars (NS). By combining single measurements of the two most massive pulsars, J0348$+$0432 and J0740$+$6620, the resulting lower limit of 1.98 $M_\odot$ (99% confidence) of the maximum NS mass, excludes a large number of equations of state (EOSs). Further EOS constraints, complementary to other methods, are likely to come from the measurement of the moment of inertia (MOI) of binary pulsars in relativistic orbits. The Double Pulsar, PSR J0737$-$3039A/B, is the most promising system for the first measurement of the MOI via pulsar timing. Reviewing this method, based in particular on the first MeerKAT observations of the Double Pulsar, we provide well-founded projections into the future by simulating timing observations with MeerKAT and the SKA. For the first time, we account for the spin-down mass loss in the analysis. Our results suggest that an MOI measurement with 11% accuracy (68% confidence) is possible by 2030. If by 2030 the EOS is sufficiently well known, however, we find that the Double Pulsar will allow for a 7% test of Lense-Thirring precession, or alternatively provide a $\sim3σ$-measurement of the next-to-leading order gravitational wave damping in GR. Finally, we demonstrate that potential new discoveries of double NS systems with orbital periods shorter than that of the Double Pulsar promise significant improvements in these measurements and the constraints on NS matter.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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