用微观和宏观碰撞约束中子星物质
Constraining Neutron-Star Matter with Microscopic and Macroscopic Collisions
摘要：
解释高能天体物理现象，如超新星爆炸或中子星碰撞，需要对超核密度的物质有深入的了解。然而，我们对中子星核心中致密物质的了解仍然有限。幸运的是，致密物质不仅在天体物理观测中被探测，而且在地球重离子碰撞实验中也被探测。在这项工作中，我们使用贝叶斯推断相结合的数据，从天体物理学多信使观测中子星和重离子碰撞的金核在相对论能量与微观核理论计算，以提高我们的理解致密物质。我们发现，列入重离子碰撞数据表明，在致密物质的压力增加相对于以前的分析，转向更大的值，中子星半径与最近的NICER观测一致。我们的研究结果表明，从重离子碰撞实验的约束显示出显着的一致性与多信使观测，并提供补充信息的核物质在中等密度。这项工作结合了核理论、核实验和天体物理观测，并展示了联合分析如何揭示在中子星探测的密度范围内富中子超核物质的性质。
英文摘要：
Interpreting high-energy, astrophysical phenomena, such as supernova explosions or neutron-star collisions, requires a robust understanding of matter at supranuclear densities. However, our knowledge about dense matter explored in the cores of neutron stars remains limited. Fortunately, dense matter is not only probed in astrophysical observations, but also in terrestrial heavy-ion collision experiments. In this work, we use Bayesian inference to combine data from astrophysical multi-messenger observations of neutron stars and from heavy-ion collisions of gold nuclei at relativistic energies with microscopic nuclear theory calculations to improve our understanding of dense matter. We find that the inclusion of heavy-ion collision data indicates an increase in the pressure in dense matter relative to previous analyses, shifting neutron-star radii towards larger values, consistent with recent NICER observations. Our findings show that constraints from heavy-ion collision experiments show a remarkable consistency with multi-messenger observations and provide complementary information on nuclear matter at intermediate densities. This work combines nuclear theory, nuclear experiment, and astrophysical observations, and shows how joint analyses can shed light on the properties of neutron-rich supranuclear matter over the density range probed in neutron stars.
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