利用脉冲星计时阵列揭示单个超大质量黑洞双星系统中非张量引力波极化的存在性
Unveiling the existence of nontensorial gravitational-wave polarizations from individual supermassive black hole binaries with pulsar timing arrays
AI总结：
本文提出利用零流方法，在脉冲星计时阵列探测单个超大质量黑洞双星连续引力波的场景下，估计识别非张量引力波极化的能力，并给出可探测的振幅阈值及贝叶斯参数估计框架。
摘要：
随着脉冲星计时阵列为纳赫兹频段引力波背景提供强有力证据，对来自单个超大质量黑洞双星的连续引力波的探测已初现曙光。利用连续引力波检验引力理论，尤其是检验引力波的极化，正变得越来越现实。在这项理论研究中，假设已探测到来自单个超大质量双黑洞的信号，我们利用零流（null stream）来估计识别引力波非张量极化的能力。我们分别考虑了偶极辐射主导和四极辐射主导的非张量极化情形。采用频率学派方法，我们估计了非张量与张量相对振幅的阈值，超过该阈值即可探测到额外极化。我们还进行了贝叶斯分析，利用零流数据估计参数。我们的处理提供了一种利用零流通过脉冲星计时阵列探测非张量引力波极化的数据分析方法。
英文摘要：
With the strong evidence for a gravitational wave (GW) background in the nanohertz frequency band from pulsar timing arrays, the detection of continuous GWs from individual supermassive black hole binaries is already at the dawn. Utilizing continuous GWs to test theories of gravity, especially to test the polarizations of GWs is becoming more and more realistic. In this theoretical study, assuming a detection of signals from individual supermassive binary black holes, we use the null stream to estimate the capability of identifying the nontensorial polarizations of GWs. We consider cases for the nontensorial polarizations where the dipole radiation and quadrupole radiation dominate separately. With a frequentist method, we estimate the threshold of the nontensor-to-tensor relative amplitude above which extra polarizations can be detected. We also conduct Bayesian analysis to estimate parameters with the null stream data. Our treatment provides a data-analysis methodology using the null stream to probe the nontensorial GW polarizations with pulsar timing arrays.
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