Gaia Data Release 2. Calibration and mitigation of electronic offset effects in the data
N. C. Hambly, M. Cropper, S. Boudreault, C. Crowley, R. Kohley, J. H. J. de Bruijne, C. Dolding, C. Fabricius, G. Seabroke, M. Davidson, N. Rowell, R. Collins, … 展开作者
N. C. Hambly, M. Cropper, S. Boudreault, C. Crowley, R. Kohley, J. H. J. de Bruijne, C. Dolding, C. Fabricius, G. Seabroke, M. Davidson, N. Rowell, R. Collins, N. Cross, J. Martin-Fleitas, S. Baker, M. Smith, P. Sartoretti, O. Marchal, D. Katz, F. de Angeli, G. Busso, M. Riello, C. Allende Prieto, S. Els, L. Corcione, E. Masana, X. Luri, F. Chassat, F. Fusero, J. F. Pasquier, C. Vetel, G. Sarri, P. Gare
备注：
20 pages, 30 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics
The European Space Agency Gaia satellite was launched into orbit around L2 in December 2013. This ambitious mission has strict requirements on residual systematic errors resulting from instrumental corrections in order to meet a design goal of sub-10 microarcsecond astrometry. During the design and build phase of the science instruments, various critical calibrations were studied in detail to ensure that this goal could be met in orbit. In particular, it was determined that the video-chain offsets on the analogue side of the analogue-to-digital conversion electronics exhibited instabilities that could not be mitigated fully by modifications to the flight hardware. We provide a detailed description of the behaviour of the electronic offset levels on microsecond timescales, identifying various systematic effects that are known collectively as offset non-uniformities. The effects manifest themselves as transient perturbations on the gross zero-point electronic offset level that is routinely monitored as part of the overall calibration process. Using in-orbit special calibration sequences along with simple parametric models, we show how the effects can be calibrated, and how these calibrations are applied to the science data. While the calibration part of the process is relatively straightforward, the application of the calibrations during science data processing requires a detailed on-ground reconstruction of the readout timing of each charge-coupled device (CCD) sample on each device in order to predict correctly the highly time-dependent nature of the corrections. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our offset non-uniformity models in mitigating the effects in Gaia data. We demonstrate for all CCDs and operating instrument and modes on board Gaia that the video-chain noise-limited performance is recovered in the vast majority of science samples.
Astrometric properties of reference frame sources as a function of redshift
Nanjing University（南京大学）；Key Laboratory of Modern Astronomy and Astrophysics (Ministry of Education), Nanjing University（现代天文学与天体物理学教育部重点实验室，南京大学）；Research Center for Computing, National Research and Innovation Agency（国家研究与创新署计算研究中心）；Xinjiang University（新疆大学）；University of Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院大学）
Gaia Data Release 1: The reference frame and the optical properties of ICRF sources
作为Gaia DR 1数据处理的一部分，计算了一个特殊的天体测量解，即所谓的辅助类星体解。这给出了选定的河外天体的位置，包括国际天体参考系（ICRF 2）第二次实现中的射电源，这些射电源具有足够明亮的光学对应物，可以与盖亚一起观察。这些位置的子集用于将Gaia DR 1的位置参考系与ICRF 2对齐。我们描述的盖亚辅助类星体的解决方案的一个子集的源匹配ICRF 2的属性，并比较它们的光学和无线电的位置在亚质量水平。50%的源的形式标准误差优于0.76毫角秒（mas），90%的源的形式标准误差优于3.35毫角秒。光学星等是在盖亚未过滤的光度G波段获得的。与定义源的无线电位置的比较表明，系统差异不大于零点几个mas。有问题的解决方案的分数，不容易占统计，是小于6%。标准化的差异延长了尾部，需要对大约100个源进行逐案调查，但我们还没有看到任何与源中的光无线电偏移有关的差异。
A General Framework for Radial Velocity Calibration in Low-Resolution Spectroscopic Surveys: Correcting Wavelength-Dependent and Global Systematics with Application to LAMOST DR9
Institute for Frontiers in Astronomy and Astrophysics, Beijing Normal University（北京师范大学天文与前沿科学研究院）；School of Physics and Astronomy, Beijing Normal University（北京师范大学物理与天文学院）；Yunnan University（云南大学）
