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arXiv 1804.04092quant-phcond-mat.mes-hallgr-qc
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弯曲时空中粒子产生的量子模拟

Quantum simulation of particle creation in curved space-time

R. P. Schmit, B. G. Taketani, F. K. Wilhelm

摘要:

真空涨落到真实粒子的转换是由L.帕克考虑了膨胀的宇宙,随后在S。霍金对黑洞辐射的研究。由于它们的实验观察是具有挑战性的,模拟系统在验证这一概念方面获得了关注。在这里,我们提出了一个实验装置组成的两个相邻的压电半导体层,其中一个携带动态量子点(DQD),和其他的p型掺杂与附加的栅极上,这引入了空间依赖层的导电性。表面声波在后一层上的传播由具有有效度规的波动方程控制。在DQD的框架下,这种依赖于空间和时间的度规具有声表面波的声视界,并且在某种程度上类似于二维非旋转和不带电的黑洞。DQD自旋的非热稳态表明粒子以压电声子的形式产生。

英文摘要:

Conversion of vacuum fluctuations into real particles was first predicted by L. Parker considering an expanding universe, followed in S. Hawking's work on black hole radiation. Since their experimental observation is challenging, analogue systems have gained attention in the verification of this concept. Here we propose an experimental set-up consisting of two adjacent piezoelectric semiconducting layers, one of them carrying dynamic quantum dots (DQDs), and the other being p-doped with an attached gate on top, which introduces a space-dependent layer conductivity. The propagation of surface acoustic waves (SAWs) on the latter layer is governed by a wave equation with an effective metric. In the frame of the DQDs, this space- and time-dependent metric possesses a sonic horizon for SAWs and resembles that of a two dimensional non-rotating and uncharged black hole to some extent. The non-thermal steady state of the DQD spin indicates particle creation in form of piezophonons.

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