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arXiv 1801.03417cs.DL
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边缘因素:国家的科学前沿阵地

Edge Factors: Scientific Frontier Positions of Nations

Mikko Packalen

摘要:

科学工作中的一个关键决定是是否建立在新的或成熟的想法上。因为开发新的想法往往比传统科学更难,所以新的工作特别依赖于与同事的互动,培训环境,以及潜在的合作者。因此,地理位置可能会影响从事接近科学前沿的工作的趋势,因为它建立在最近的想法之上。我们通过测量每个国家在生物医学研究中建立相对新的想法的倾向,计算出它们相对于科学前沿的位置。对2000多万份出版物的文本分析表明,美国和韩国对新科学的倾向最高。中国在基础科学理念和研究工具方面已经成为青睐新理念的领导者,但在采用新的临床理念方面仍然缓慢。许多地方在采用新想法的倾向方面仍然远远落后于领导者,这表明世界在这方面远非平坦。

英文摘要:

A key decision in scientific work is whether to build on novel or well-established ideas. Because exploiting new ideas is often harder than more conventional science, novel work can be especially dependent on interactions with colleagues, the training environment, and ready access to potential collaborators. Location may thus influence the tendency to pursue work that is close to the edge of the scientific frontier in the sense that it builds on recent ideas. We calculate for each nation its position relative to the edge of the scientific frontier by measuring its propensity to build on relatively new ideas in biomedical research. Text analysis of 20+ million publications shows that the United States and South Korea have the highest tendencies for novel science. China has become a leader in favoring newer ideas when working with basic science ideas and research tools, but is still slow to adopt new clinical ideas. Many locations remain far behind the leaders in terms of their tendency to work with novel ideas, indicating that the world is far from flat in this regard.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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