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arXiv 1712.04599astro-ph.GA
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与ATLASGAL团块相关的大量流出

Massive outflows associated with ATLASGAL clumps

Aiyuan Yang, Mark Thompson, James Urquhart, Wenwu Tian

摘要:

我们已经进行了最大的调查流出银道面内同时观察到的13 CO和C18 O数据。在总共919个ATLASGAL团块中,有325个具有适合识别流出的数据,其中225个(69 ± 3%)显示出高速流出。与未检测到流出的团簇相比,检测到流出的团簇显示出显著更高的团簇质量(M_{clump})、辐射热光度(L_{bol})、光度质量比(L_{bol} / M_{clump})和峰值H_2柱密度(N_{H_2})。在最年轻的静止团块内检测到流出活动(即,我们发现流出检测率随着M_{clump}、L_{bol}、L_{bol}/M_{clump}和N_{H_2}而增加,在某些情况下接近90%(uchii区域=93 ± 3%;脉泽=86 ± 4%;hchii区域=100%)。如此高的探测率表明,外流是大质量恒星形成过程中普遍存在的现象。平均外流质量卷吸率意味着平均吸积率为~10^{-4}M_(\odot)\,yr^{-1},与大质量恒星形成理论模型预测的吸积率完全一致。外流性质与M_{clump}、L_{bol}和L_{bol} / M_{clump}密切相关,与团簇光度的关系最密切。这表明外流可能是由团块中最大和最明亮的来源驱动的。低质量和高质量外流的相关性相似,超过7个数量级,表明它们可能具有相似的外流机制。流出能量是可比的湍流能量内的团块,但是,我们没有发现任何证据表明,流出增加的团块湍流的水平作为团块的发展。这意味着在恒星形成之前,团块内湍流的起源是固定的。

英文摘要:

We have undertaken the largest survey for outflows within the Galactic Plane using simultaneously observed 13CO and C18O data. 325 out of a total of 919 ATLASGAL clumps have data suitable to identify outflows, and 225 (69+-3%) of them show high velocity outflows. The clumps with detected outflows show significantly higher clump masses (M_{clump}), bolometric luminosities (L_{bol}), luminosity-to-mass ratios (L_{bol}/M_{clump}) and peak H_2 column densities (N_{H_2}) compared to those without outflows. Outflow activity has been detected within the youngest quiescent clump (i.e.,70um weak) in this sample and we find that the outflow detection rate increases with M_{clump},L_{bol},L_{bol}/M_{clump} and N_{H_2},approaching 90% in some cases(uchii regions=93+-3%;masers=86+-4%;hchii regions=100%). This high detection rate suggests that outflows are ubiquitous phenomena of massive star formation. The mean outflow mass entrainment rate implies a mean accretion rate of ~10^{-4}M_\odot\,yr^{-1}, in full agreement with the accretion rate predicted by theoretical models of massive star formation. Outflow properties are tightly correlated with M_{clump},L_{bol} and L_{bol}/M_{clump},and show the strongest relation with the bolometric clump luminosity. This suggests that outflows might be driven by the most massive and luminous source within the clump. The correlations are similar for both low-mass and high-mass outflows over 7 orders of magnitude, indicating that they may share a similar outflow mechanism. Outflow energy is comparable to the turbulent energy within the clump, however, we find no evidence that outflows increase the level of clump turbulence as the clumps evolve. This implies that the origin of turbulence within clumps is fixed before the onset of star formation.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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