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arXiv 1710.04670astro-ph.SRastro-ph.GA
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ALMA揭示了HL Tau圆盘中偏振模式随波长的转变

ALMA Reveals Transition of Polarization Pattern with Wavelength in HL Tau's Disk

Ian W. Stephens, Haifeng Yang, Zhi-Yun Li, Leslie W. Looney, Akimasa Kataoka, Woojin Kwon, Manuel Fernández-López, Charles L. H. Hull, Meredith Hughes, Dominiqu… 展开作者

Ian W. Stephens, Haifeng Yang, Zhi-Yun Li, Leslie W. Looney, Akimasa Kataoka, Woojin Kwon, Manuel Fernández-López, Charles L. H. Hull, Meredith Hughes, Dominique Segura-Cox, Lee Mundy, Richard Crutcher, Ramprasad Rao

摘要:

从原恒星盘产生(亚)毫米波长偏振辐射的机制目前还不确定。传统上,预期极化来自与磁场对准的非球形晶粒。最近,有人提出了两种替代办法。一种偏振机制是由尺寸与波长相当的尘埃颗粒的自散射引起的,而另一种机制是由于颗粒沿着辐射各向异性的方向与它们的短轴对齐。后者最近被证明是一种可能的机制,导致在HL Tau中检测到的尘埃偏振在3.1毫米。在本文中,我们提出了ALMA偏振观测HL Tau的两个波长:870 $μ$ m和1.3 mm。在870 $μ$ m处的形态匹配自散射的预期,而在1.3mm处的显示了自散射和与辐射各向异性对准的晶粒之间的混合。这些观测结果对(亚)毫米连续极化探测至少HL Tau磁盘磁场的能力提出了质疑。通过在870 $μ$ m和3.1 mm处显示两种不同的偏振形态,以及在1.3 mm处两者之间的过渡,本文提供了明确的证据,即占主导地位的(亚)毫米偏振机制随波长的过渡。此外,如果在870 $μ$ m处的偏振是由于散射引起的,则沿倾斜盘的短轴缺乏偏振不对称性意味着负责散射的大颗粒已经沉降成几何薄层,并且沿长轴存在不对称性表明HL Tau盘不是完全轴对称的。

英文摘要:

The mechanism for producing polarized emission from protostellar disks at (sub)millimeter wavelengths is currently uncertain. Classically, polarization is expected from non-spherical grains aligned with the magnetic field. Recently, two alternatives have been suggested. One polarization mechanism is caused by self-scattering from dust grains of sizes comparable to the wavelength while the other mechanism is due to grains aligned with their short axes along the direction of radiation anisotropy. The latter has recently been shown as a likely mechanism for causing the dust polarization detected in HL Tau at 3.1 mm. In this paper, we present ALMA polarization observations of HL Tau for two more wavelengths: 870 $μ$m and 1.3 mm. The morphology at 870 $μ$m matches the expectation for self-scattering, while that at 1.3 mm shows a mix between self-scattering and grains aligned with the radiation anisotropy. The observations cast doubt on the ability of (sub)millimeter continuum polarization to probe disk magnetic fields for at least HL Tau. By showing two distinct polarization morphologies at 870 $μ$m and 3.1 mm and a transition between the two at 1.3 mm, this paper provides definitive evidence that the dominant (sub)millimeter polarization mechanism transitions with wavelength. In addition, if the polarization at 870 $μ$m is due to scattering, the lack of polarization asymmetry along the minor axis of the inclined disk implies that the large grains responsible for the scattering have already settled into a geometrically thin layer, and the presence of asymmetry along the major axis indicates that the HL Tau disk is not completely axisymmetric.

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