This paper presents an approach towards disaster management based on cognitive radio ad hoc network. Despite the growing interests on cognitive radio ad hoc networks, not much work has been reported on using them for disaster management. This paper discusses opportunities for disaster management based on cognitive radio ad hoc networks. In this direction, the paper presents a novel technique for disaster detection based on Artificial Neural Network (ANN). The ANN is trained using backward propagation algorithm. An ANN-based spectrum sensing scheme is also presented. Finally, a service discovery scheme is presented for coordination during the time of disaster. The simulation of proposed approach has been performed in NS-2 simulator. The proposed approach shows very low false negative alarm rate using the proposed disaster detection system. The spectrum switching time of spectrum sensing scheme is also analyzed along with an analysis of latency of proposed service discovery scheme
In this paper we introduce our vision of a Cognitive Computing Continuum to address the changing IT service provisioning towards a distributed, opportunistic, self-managed collaboration between heterogeneous devices outside the traditional data center boundaries. The focal point of this continuum are cognitive devices, which have to make decisions autonomously using their on-board computation and storage capacity based on information sensed from their environment. Such devices are moving and cannot rely on fixed infrastructure elements, but instead realise on-the-fly networking and thus freque…
Security Schemes in Vehicular Ad hoc Networks with Cognitive Radios
车载自组织网络(VANETworks,VANETworks)作为互联车辆的基础设施,可以为互联车辆的应用和服务提供便利。认知无线电技术是对无线局域网的有效补充和增强。它可以减少频谱资源不足对VAN的影响。虽然CR-VANcraft可以有效地利用未使用的授权频谱,但CR-VANcraft的分布式特性可能为不同的攻击打开大门,例如频谱感知数据伪造攻击。在本文中,我们提出了一个联合RSU和车辆为基础的轻量级云CR-VANcraft。在此云计算模型的基础上,提出了一种新的频谱感知服务(Spectrum Sensing as a Service,SSaas),该服务可以在CR-VAN中进行协作频谱感知,并在云计算的协助下确保频谱感知过程的安全。因此,可以在CR-VAN中获得可靠的服务。仿真结果表明,CR-VAN中的云计算可以有效降低延迟,提高CR-VAN的安全性。
A Sensing Contribution-based Two-layer Game for Channel Selection and Spectrum Access in Cognitive Radio Ad-hoc Networks
在认知无线电(CR)网络中,次用户(SU)感知授权给主用户(PU)的频谱,以识别暂时未占用的信道并可能在其上进行传输。协作感知被提出来提高感知精度,但是在异构场景中,SU对协作感知结果的贡献并不相等,因为它们在其传感器处经历不同的接收PU信号质量。在本文中,一个两层的联盟游戏开发的分布式传感和接入多通道CR ad hoc网络中的SU的传输机会是相称的,他们的传感贡献,从而促进合作,消除搭便车。数值结果表明,所提出的两层游戏是计算效率和性能优于以前研究的异构多信道CR网络的协同感知和频谱接入方法的能源效率,吞吐量,SU公平性和复杂性。此外,它表明,这个游戏是鲁棒的网络拓扑结构的变化和在低流动性的情况下,SU的数量。最后,我们提出了一种新的物理层方法来分配网络级的漏检测(MD)的约束,公平地在干扰SU之间的保证PU保护,并证明了性能优势的频谱感知结果的AND规则相结合的异构SU。
Lifeline is a group of systems designed for mobile phones and battery powered wireless routers for forming emergency Ad hoc networks. Devices installed with Lifeline program can automatically form Ad hoc networks when cellular signal is unavailable or disrupted during natural disasters. For instance, large scale earthquakes can cause extensive damages to land-based telecommunication infrastructures. In such circumstances, mobile phones installed with Lifeline program can be used to send emergency messages by the victims who are trapped under collapsed buildings. In addition, Lifeline also prov…
Efficient message forwarding in mobile ad hoc network in disaster scenarios is challenging because location information on the boundary and interior nodes is often unavailable. Information related to boundary nodes can be used to design efficient routing protocols as well as to prolong the battery power of devices along the boundary of an ad hoc network. In this article, we developed an algorithm, CWBound, which discovers boundary nodes in a complex non-convex mobile ad hoc (CNCAH) networks. Experiments show that the CWBound algorithm is at least three times faster than other state-of-the-art …
On Scalable Video Streaming over Cognitive Radio Cellular and Ad Hoc Networks
预计在未来几年,通过无线网络的视频内容交付将大幅增长。在本文中,我们研究了具有挑战性的问题,视频认知无线电(CR)网络。虽然具有很高的潜力,但这个问题带来了新的技术挑战。回顾相关工作后,我们首先解决的问题,基于基础设施的CR网络的视频,然后扩展到非基于基础设施的ad hoc CR网络的视频问题。我们提出了跨层优化问题的公式以及有效的算法来解决问题。所提出的算法进行了分析,其最优性和验证与模拟。
Swarms of collaborating Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) that utilize ad-hoc networking technologies for coordinating their actions offer the potential to catalyze emerging research fields such as autonomous exploration of disaster areas, demanddriven network provisioning, and near field packet delivery in Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSs). As these mobile robotic networks are characterized by high grades of relative mobility, existing routing protocols often fail to adopt their decision making to the implied network topology dynamics. For addressing these challenges, we present Predict…
Multi-layer Mechanism for Multicast Routing in Multihop Cognitive Radio Networks
多播路由被认为是移动自组网中实现视频共享和数据分发的重要过程之一。如果任何发送器在任何给定时间都可以访问介质,则可以毫无困难地使用多播路由。然而,认知无线电网络(CRN)可能会出现诸如主用户(PU)的意外行为及其接入优先级以及网络异构性等挑战。在这篇论文中,我们提出了一个基于最小生成树和最短路径树的多跳移动Ad Hoc CRN多层组播路由协议。该算法采用成功的概率(POS)度量在执行信道分配过程。仿真实验进行了调查,所提出的方案的有效性,比较所提出的方案与最先进的方案的性能,并研究所提出的方案在各种网络条件下的吞吐量和分组投递率(PDR)的性能。仿真结果表明,SPT算法在吞吐量方面始终优于MST算法。
The number of disasters has increased over the past decade where these calamities significantly affect the functionality of communication networks. In the context of 6G, airborne and spaceborne networks offer hope in disaster recovery to serve the underserved and to be resilient in calamities. Therefore, this paper surveys the state-of-the-art literature on post-disaster wireless communication networks and provides insights for the future establishment of such networks. In particular, we first give an overview of the works investigating the general procedures and strategies for counteracting a…
Cognitive radio networks (CRNs) is the next generation of wireless communication. This type of network requires efficent spectrum allocation methods. This paper presents a new meta-heuristic evolutionary method for solving the channel allocation problem in an ad hoc network context. The suggested method is based on a graph-theoretic model and seeks a solution for the spectrum allocation problem in a clustered ad hoc network topology.The method is referred to as imperialist competitive algorithm (ICA)and provides a scheme for allocating the available channels to cluster heads maximizing spectru…
When the electric grid in a region suffers a major outage, e.g., after a catastrophic cyber attack, a "black start" may be required, where the grid is slowly restarted, carefully and incrementally adding generating capacity and demand. To ensure safe and effective black start, the grid control center has to be able to communicate with field personnel and with supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems. Voice and text communication are particularly critical. As part of the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) Rapid Attack Detection, Isolation, and Characterization Sys…
We propose a novel search-and-rescue management method that relies on the aerial deployment of Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) for locating victims after floods. The sensor nodes will collect vital information such as heat signatures for detecting human presence and location, the flow of flood. The sensor modules are packed in a portable floating buoy with a user interface to convey emergency messages to the base station. Sensor nodes are designed based on disaster conditions, cost-effectiveness and deployed in the affected region by a centrifugal dispersion system from a helicopter. A mobile ad…