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arXiv 1708.09600physics.flu-dyn
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真实剪切流作用下的瞬态波阻

Transient wave resistance upon a real shear current

Yan Li, Benjamin K. Smeltzer, Simen Å. Ellingsen

摘要:

我们研究的波浪和兴波力作用在船舶上行驶的电流作为深度的函数而变化。我们关心的是现实主义;我们考虑了来自哥伦比亚河的真实的水流剖面,以及具有在这些水域中操作的三类船舶的典型尺寸和弗劳德数的模型船舶。为此,我们采用最一般的理论,从自由面源的波剪切流的日期,我们推导和介绍在这里。船波满足任意的色散关系,并产生的波源作用在自由表面上,源的形状和时间依赖性也是任意的。数值计算的剪切流,可以随深度任意变化的方向和大小的分散的实用计算程序,指示。对于与剪切流成斜角航行的船舶,船舶波型是不对称的,并且兴波辐射力除了传统的波阻(向船尾的分量)之外还具有横向分量。在没有剪力的情况下,不存在相应的侧向力.我们认为,上游,下游和横流运动的波阻和横向力的哥伦比亚河电流的依赖关系,无论是在稳定的运动,并在两个不同的maneouvres:船舶突然设置在运动中,和船舶通过360度转弯。我们发现,对于较小的船舶(拖船,渔船)的波阻可以显着不同,从静水中,并强烈依赖于弗劳德数和运动方向。对于这种船的典型弗劳德数,波浪阻力可以在上游和下游运动之间变化3倍,并且干扰效应使强烈的弗劳德数依赖性变得更加复杂。横向辐射力... [由于ArXiV的空间限制,摘要被截断]

英文摘要:

We study the waves and wave-making forces acting on ships travelling on currents which vary as a function of depth. Our concern is realism; we consider a real current profile from the Columbia River, and model ships with dimensions and Froude numbers typical of three classes of vessels operating in these waters. To this end we employ the most general theory of waves from free-surface sources on shear current to date, which we derive and present here. Expressions are derived for ship waves which satisfy an arbitrary dispersion relation and are generated by a wave source acting on the free surface, with the source's shape and time-dependence is also being arbitrary. Practical calculation procedures for numerically calculating dispersion on a shear current which may vary arbitrarily with depth both in direction and magnitude, are indicated. For ships travelling at oblique angle to a shear-current, the ship wave pattern is asymmetrical, and wave-making radiation forces have a lateral component in addition to the conventional wave resistance, the sternward component. No corresponding lateral force exists in the absence of shear. We consider the dependence of wave resistance and lateral force for upstream, downstream and cross-stream motion on the Columbia River current, both in steady motion and during two different maneouvres: a ship suddenly set in motion, and a ship turning through 360 deg. We find that for smaller ships (tugboats, fishing-boats) the wave resistance can differ drastically from that in quiescent water, and depends strongly on Froude number and direction of motion. For Froude numbers typical of such boats, wave resistance can vary by a factor 3 between upstream and downstream motion, and the strong Froude number dependence is made more complicated by interference effects. The lateral radiation force ... [abstract truncated due to ArXiV's space restrictions]

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