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arXiv 1707.05071math.CO
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区间超图强无着色的完美分解

Perfect Resolution of Strong Conflict-Free Colouring of Interval Hypergraphs

S. M. Dhannya, N. S. Narayanaswamy

摘要:

$k$ -强无着色(简称$k$ -SCF)问题是用最少的颜色数来给超图$H$的顶点着色,使得在$H$的每个超边$e$中,至少有$\min\{|e|,k\}$顶点的颜色不同于$e$中所有其它顶点的颜色.在区间超图的情况下,我们提出了一个精确的$P$ -时间算法的$k$ -SCF问题,从而解决了一个开放的问题Cheilaris等。(2014)。我们实现我们的结果表明,对于任何超图的$k$ -SCF着色是一个适当的着色相关的单图,我们称之为共生图。然后,我们表明,共现图是通过确定一个诱导子图的第二个单图,我们介绍,我们称之为冲突图。对于区间超图,我们证明了每个共生图和冲突图都是完美图。这个性质在我们的多项式时间算法中起着至关重要的作用。其次,我们证明了对于区间超图,$1$ -SCF着色数是区间超图的最小划分,使得每个区间超图的集合都有一个精确的命中集(在该命中集中,每个区间恰好被命中一次).

英文摘要:

The $k$-Strong Conflict-Free ($k$-SCF, in short) colouring problem seeks to find a colouring of the vertices of a hypergraph $H$ using minimum number of colours so that in every hyperedge $e$ of $H$, there are at least $\min\{|e|,k\}$ vertices whose colour is different from that of all other vertices in $e$. In the case of interval hypergraphs, we present an exact $P$-time algorithm for the $k$-SCF problem thus solving an open problem posed by Cheilaris et al. (2014). We achieve our results by showing that for any hypergraph a $k$-SCF colouring is a proper colouring of a related simple graph which we refer to as a co-occurrence graph. We then show that a co-occurrence graph is obtained by identifying an induced subgraph of a second simple graph that we introduce, which we refer to as the conflict graph. For interval hypergraphs, we show that each co-occurrence graph and the conflict graph are perfect graphs. This property plays a crucial role in our polynomial time algorithm. Secondly, we show that for an interval hypergraph, the $1$-SCF colouring number is the minimum partition of its intervals into sets such that each set has an exact hitting set (a hitting set in which each interval is hit exactly once).

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