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arXiv 1707.02571quant-ph
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量子态鉴别及其应用

Quantum state discrimination and its applications

Joonwoo Bae, Leong-Chuan Kwek

摘要:

量子态鉴别是量子信息处理任务中各种应用的基础。它本质上描述了量子系统在不同状态下的可重构性,以及从量子系统中提取经典信息的一般过程。它在量子信息的应用中也很有用,例如密码协议中互信息的表征,或者作为一种技术来推导量子基础中的基本定理。它与相对论因果关系等物理原理有着深刻的联系。量子态鉴别可以追溯到几十年的悠久历史,从早期尝试将物理系统的信息处理形式化开始,例如用光子进行光通信。然而,在大多数情况下,量子态鉴别的最佳策略仍然没有解决,相关的应用仅在有限的情况下有效。本文综述了量子态鉴别的研究进展,并讨论了量子态鉴别在某些领域的应用。这篇综述旨在通过展示基本结果在应用中的利用方式以及相反的方式来加强量子态鉴别结果与量子信息应用之间的联系。

英文摘要:

Quantum state discrimination underlies various applications in quantum information processing tasks. It essentially describes the distinguishability of quantum systems in different states, and the general process of extracting classical information from quantum systems. It is also useful in quantum information applications, such as the characterisation of mutual information in cryptographic protocols, or as a technique to derive fundamental theorems in quantum foundations. It has deep connections to physical principles such as relativistic causality. Quantum state discrimination traces a long history of several decades, starting with the early attempts to formalise information processing of physical systems such as optical communication with photons. Nevertheless, in most cases, optimal strategies of quantum state discrimination remain unsolved, and related applications are valid in some limited cases only. The present review aims to provide an overview on quantum state discrimination, covering some recent progress, and addressing applications in some selected topics. This review serves to strengthen the link between results in quantum state discrimination and quantum information applications, by showing the ways in which the fundamental results are exploited in applications and vice versa.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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