arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv周末暂无论文更新,休息一下吧,周末愉快~~
arXiv 1707.00124cond-mat.mtrl-sci
收藏

磁Skyrmions的能量面和寿命

Energy surface and lifetime of magnetic skyrmions

Valery M. Uzdin, Maria N. Potkina, Igor S. Lobanov, Pavel F. Bessarab, Hannes Jónsson

摘要:

通过分析描述系统能量随系统中磁矩方向变化的多维曲面,估计了skyrmions在各种环境中的稳定性。能量由包括Dzyaloshinskiii-Moriya相互作用、各向异性和外部磁场的类海森堡哈密顿量给出。在这个表面上的局部极小值对应于铁磁和skyrmion状态。最小能量路径(MEP)之间的最小值使用测地线轻推弹性带方法计算。沿着MEP的最大能量对应于能量表面上的一阶鞍点,并给出了磁跃迁的激活能的估计,例如Skyrmion的创建和湮灭。在阿克里乌斯定律的速率,所谓的尝试频率的指数前因子,估计内谐波过渡态理论,其中的特征值的Hessian在鞍点和局部极小值被用来表征的能量表面的形状。对于某些自由度,所谓的“零模式”,系统的能量保持不变。它们需要被单独对待,并引起尝试频率的温度依赖性。作为该一般理论的一个应用实例,计算了Ir(111)衬底上PdFe覆盖层有限宽度径迹中skyrmion的寿命随径迹宽度和外磁场的变化.此外,非磁性杂质的影响进行了研究。各种MEP内的轨道,通过轨道的边界和杂质的湮灭。尝试频率以及活化能已被计算为每个机制,以估计作为温度的函数的过渡率。

英文摘要:

The stability of skyrmions in various environments is estimated by analyzing the multidimensional surface describing the energy of the system as a function of the directions of the magnetic moments in the system. The energy is given by a Heisenberg-like Hamiltonian that includes Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction, anisotropy and external magnetic field. Local minima on this surface correspond to the ferromagnetic and skyrmion states. Minimum energy paths (MEP) between the minima are calculated using the geodesic nudged elastic band method. The maximum energy along an MEP corresponds to a first order saddle point on the energy surface and gives an estimate of the activation energy for the magnetic transition, such as creation and annihilation of a skyrmion. The pre-exponential factor in the Arrhenius law for the rate, the so-called attempt frequency, is estimated within harmonic transition state theory where the eigenvalues of the Hessian at the saddle point and the local minima are used to characterize the shape of the energy surface. For some degrees of freedom, so-called 'zero modes', the energy of the system remains invariant. They need to be treated separately and give rise to temperature dependence of the attempt frequency. As an example application of this general theory, the lifetime of a skyrmion in a track of finite width for a PdFe overlayer on a Ir(111) substrate is calculated as a function of track width and external magnetic field. Also, the effect of non-magnetic impurities is studied. Various MEPs for annihilation inside a track, via the boundary of a track and at an impurity are presented. The attempt frequency as well as the activation energy has been calculated for each mechanism to estimate the transition rate as a function of temperature.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑