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arXiv 1704.03032physics.optics
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梯度元表面：基础与应用综述

Gradient metasurfaces: a review of fundamentals and applications

Fei Ding, Anders Pors, Sergey I. Bozhevolnyi

备注：
Accepted for publication in Reports on Progress in Physics
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摘要：

随着对超材料的深入研究，二维模拟物（称为超表面）近年来吸引了越来越多的关注，因为它易于制造和插入损耗较小，同时能够对透射和反射光场的空间分布进行前所未有的控制。超表面表示谐振亚波长元件的光学薄平面阵列，其可以以严格或准周期性方式或甚至以非周期性方式布置，这取决于要在它们的帮助下模制的目标光学波前。本文综述了超颖表面的一个广泛的子类，即梯度超颖表面，这是设计来表现出空间变化的光学响应，导致空间变化的振幅，相位和偏振的散射场。从介绍梯度元表面的概念入手，从响应的角度对不同的元表面进行了分类，区分了电偶极元表面、几何元表面、反射元表面和惠更斯元表面。然后讨论实现超颖表面所必需的基本构建块，以阐明等离子体和纯电介质超颖表面的各种物理实现的基本物理。然后，我们概述了梯度超颖表面的主要应用，包括波片，平面透镜，螺旋相位板，宽带吸收，彩色印刷，全息图，偏振计和表面波耦合器。评论结束了一个简短的一节最近开发的非线性元表面，然后展望未来可能的发展和前景，为未来的应用提出我们的看法。

英文摘要：

In the wake of intense research on metamaterials the two-dimensional analogue, known as metasurfaces, has attracted progressively increasing attention in recent years due to the ease of fabrication and smaller insertion losses, while enabling an unprecedented control over spatial distributions of transmitted and reflected optical fields. Metasurfaces represent optically thin planar arrays of resonant subwavelength elements that can be arranged in a strictly or quasi periodic fashion, or even in an aperiodic manner, depending on targeted optical wavefronts to be molded with their help. This paper reviews a broad subclass of metasurfaces, viz. gradient metasurfaces, which are devised to exhibit spatially varying optical responses resulting in spatially varying amplitudes, phases and polarizations of scattered fields. Starting with introducing the concept of gradient metasurfaces, we present classification of different metasurfaces from the viewpoint of their responses, differentiating electrical-dipole, geometric, reflective and Huygens' metasurfaces. The fundamental building blocks essential for the realization of metasurfaces are then discussed in order to elucidate the underlying physics of various physical realizations of both plasmonic and purely dielectric metasurfaces. We then overview the main applications of gradient metasurfaces, including waveplates, flat lenses, spiral phase plates, broadband absorbers, color printing, holograms, polarimeters and surface wave couplers. The review is terminated with a short section on recently developed nonlinear metasurfaces, followed by the outlook presenting our view on possible future developments and perspectives for future applications.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。

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