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arXiv 1702.08796cond-mat.quant-gascond-mat.str-elnlin.SI
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Yang-Gaudin玻色气体的激发

Excitations in the Yang-Gaudin Bose gas

Neil J. Robinson, Robert M. Konik

摘要:

本文研究了单维杨-高丁玻色气体中两组分δ函数相互作用玻色子的激发谱。我们发现,有显着的有限尺寸效应的色散关系的激发,也许最好的说明自旋单粒子色散表现出的差距在$2k_F$和有限动量的roton最小。这些特征发生在远高于有限体积激发能隙的能量处,对于固定的自旋数,这些特征作为$1/L$缓慢消失,并且可以在固定的自旋密度下持续到热力学极限。诸如$2k_F$间隙的特征也持续到多粒子激发连续体。我们的研究结果表明,在有限系统中的激发可以表现在一个定性不同的方式类似的激发在热力学极限。杨-高丁玻色气体也是多自旋束缚态的宿主,称为$Λ$ -弦。我们研究这些激发在热力学极限下的字符串假设和在有限大小的系统,字符串偏差被考虑在内。在零温极限下,给出了长度$n$、$Λ$ -弦缀饰能$ε_n(λ)$和缀饰能$ε(k)$之间的简单关系.通过数值求解Yang-Yang-Takahashi方程,并与强耦合展开下的解析解进行比较,揭示了在$λ= 0$附近的大范围实弦中心$λ$上,长度$n$-弦缀饰能量是洛伦兹的.然后,我们研究有限尺寸的影响存在于两个自旋束缚态的色散通过数值求解的Bethe anonymous方程与字符串偏差。

英文摘要:

We study the excitation spectrum of two-component delta-function interacting bosons confined to a single spatial dimension, the Yang-Gaudin Bose gas. We show that there are pronounced finite-size effects in the dispersion relations of excitations, perhaps best illustrated by the spinon single particle dispersion which exhibits a gap at $2k_F$ and a finite-momentum roton minimum. Such features occur at energies far above the finite volume excitation gap, vanish slowly as $1/L$ for fixed spinon number, and can persist to the thermodynamic limit at fixed spinon density. Features such as the $2k_F$ gap also persist to multi-particle excitation continua. Our results show that excitations in the finite system can behave in a qualitatively different manner to analogous excitations in the thermodynamic limit. The Yang-Gaudin Bose gas is also host to multi-spinon bound states, known as $Λ$-strings. We study these excitations both in the thermodynamic limit under the string hypothesis and in finite size systems where string deviations are taken into account. In the zero-temperature limit we present a simple relation between the length $n$ $Λ$-string dressed energies $ε_n(λ)$ and the dressed energy $ε(k)$. We solve the Yang-Yang-Takahashi equations numerically and compare to the analytical solution obtained under the strong couple expansion, revealing that the length $n$ $Λ$-string dressed energy is Lorentzian over a wide range of real string centers $λ$ in the vicinity of $λ= 0$. We then examine the finite size effects present in the dispersion of the two-spinon bound states by numerically solving the Bethe ansatz equations with string deviations.

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