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arXiv 1702.08474cs.DS
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无限服务器问题

The Infinite Server Problem

Christian Coester, Elias Koutsoupias, Philip Lazos

摘要:

我们研究了一个变种的$k$ -服务器问题,无限服务器问题,其中无限多个服务器最初驻留在一个特定的点的度量空间和服务的请求序列。在竞争分析的框架中,我们显示了这个问题和$(h,k)$ -服务器问题之间令人惊讶的紧密联系,其中$k$服务器的在线算法与$h$服务器的离线算法竞争。具体地说,我们证明了无限服务器问题有界竞争比当且仅当$(h,k)$ -服务器问题有界竞争比的某些$k=O(h)$。我们给出了一个下界的$3.146$的竞争比的无限服务器问题,这意味着相同的下界的$(h,k)$ -服务器问题,即使当$k/h \to \infty$和持有也为线度量;以前已知的边界是2.4一般度量空间和2的线。对于加权树和分层图,我们得到了上界,尽管它们依赖于深度。特别感兴趣的是无限的服务器问题的线上,我们证明是等价的,似乎更容易的情况下,所有的请求都在一个固定的有界的间隔远离原始位置的服务器。这是从任意度量空间到有界子空间的更一般化约的一个特例。不幸的是,经典的方法(双覆盖和推广,功函数算法,平衡算法)失败,即使在这种特殊情况下。

英文摘要:

We study a variant of the $k$-server problem, the infinite server problem, in which infinitely many servers reside initially at a particular point of the metric space and serve a sequence of requests. In the framework of competitive analysis, we show a surprisingly tight connection between this problem and the $(h,k)$-server problem, in which an online algorithm with $k$ servers competes against an offline algorithm with $h$ servers. Specifically, we show that the infinite server problem has bounded competitive ratio if and only if the $(h,k)$-server problem has bounded competitive ratio for some $k=O(h)$. We give a lower bound of $3.146$ for the competitive ratio of the infinite server problem, which implies the same lower bound for the $(h,k)$-server problem even when $k/h \to \infty$ and holds also for the line metric; the previous known bounds were 2.4 for general metric spaces and 2 for the line. For weighted trees and layered graphs we obtain upper bounds, although they depend on the depth. Of particular interest is the infinite server problem on the line, which we show to be equivalent to the seemingly easier case in which all requests are in a fixed bounded interval away from the original position of the servers. This is a special case of a more general reduction from arbitrary metric spaces to bounded subspaces. Unfortunately, classical approaches (double coverage and generalizations, work function algorithm, balancing algorithms) fail even for this special case.

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